"Burroughs Machines: Implementation: A series of minicomputers"
This is misleading; these were often very well regarded military grade and size, 48/51 bit stack based machines, hundreds of disk spindles and massive I/O, up to 8 CPU symmetric multiprocessing (7 IIRC cause you needed an I/O cabinet). And a sophisticated OS called MCP. Virtual memory. In 1977, or 1969, or earlier.
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burroughs_large_systems" rel="nofollow">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burroughs_large_systems</a>
Datamation archives tell the story.
There's some pretty cool references here [1] from a former TA of mine.<p>[1] <a href="http://fpgacpu.ca/stack/index.html" rel="nofollow">http://fpgacpu.ca/stack/index.html</a>
I joined Harris Semiconductors' RTX2000 dev team after grad school & helped customers benchmark code using hand-built assembly language.<p>It was a ton of fun explaining stack ops to x86 designers :), plus the architecture ran rings around competitors' microcontrollers. Alas, cool architectures do not guarantee design wins.
Most compilers use AST for internal intermediate code. TempleOS uses a stack machine intermediate code. At the end, it converts from intermediate code to x86_64 machine code.