Another data point, albeit with small numbers (25 people under 18 in England for the 'first year of the pandemic'.)<p><i>Deaths in children and young people (CYP) following SARS-CoV-2 infection are rare. Quantifying the risk of mortality is challenging because of high relative prevalence of asymptomatic and non-specific disease manifestations. Therefore, it is important to differentiate between CYP who have died of SARS-CoV-2 and those who have died of an alternative disease process but coincidentally tested positive.</i><p>Figure 1 is a flow chart that is pretty illuminating for their methodology. Basically, they took all 3100 under-18 deaths for the time period, then looked at the 61 covid-positive cases and reviewed the files. If Covid wasn't listed as cause of death, they go further in-depth to check for cases where Covid 'clearly' contributed to death. If the case makes it past that check, they rely on 3-person panels of 'consultants' for a majority conclusion, repeated until one is reached for each case. If the panel doesn't conclude that Covid 'clearly', 'probably', or 'possibly' contributed, they remove that death from the Covid total.<p>The net effect is that they cut 61 under-18 deaths-while-Covid down to 25 deaths that were at least possibly exacerbated by Covid, giving 99.995% survival rate among Covid-positive under-18s in England.