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Watching video twice at 2x can benefit learning better than once at normal speed

330 pointsby jvicanover 3 years ago

51 comments

nimbiusover 3 years ago
Charlatans begone. 2x is a fashion statement and Ive been learning at a much faster rate for quite some time.<p>The real answer to speed learning, is to watch the video at 200x, in a concrete room buried ten meters deep, with your nose pressed pensively to a 50&quot; flatscreen surrounded by a frigid black ocean of PA speakers and amplifiers. Ive found that in five to seven hours, Ive fully comprehended the video as it &quot;repeats twice&quot;, ad infinitum.<p>now, the volume is critical as it is not to concede 110db at any time. this promotes learning at 200x the volume of the original video. At the end of your learning session it is important to remain unclothed, as this promotes the knowledge to absorb into your body fastest whilst the room leaves you in inscrutable darkness, to succor a distant memory of the learning materials interdisciplinary themes and objectives.<p>Once youve climbed from the pit --and washed the learning jelly from yourself-- then you will have attained full and complete knowledge of how to properly tie a tie, or water a houseplant, or whatever you should need to learn. The pit will remain there for you should you ever dare to utter another question in wonderment.
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WastingMyTime89over 3 years ago
I’m a bit puzzled by the recurring apparition of articles about learning faster on HN.<p>I don’t think I have suffered from the speed at which material covers a subject since I left school. Finding interesting material, properly structured with a good balance of introductory and in depth coverage and giving solid insight into a topic remains challenging — it already was when I was a student to be fair. Good teaching ressources are the exception rather than the norm. Finding the time to properly conceptualise and deeply think about what I’m trying to learn has been challenging. But the speed at which I can consume teaching material is not something I remember being bothered by this past decade. Thinking about it more often than not I wish I could actually go slower rather than faster.<p>I’m curious about how the experience of others commenters differ here as it’s obviously a topic of interest to some in this community.
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ahdh8f4hf4h8over 3 years ago
(Note: full study PDF is on researchgate)<p>I would take this with a giant grain of salt:<p>1.) N is in the hundreds of students, all with similar backgrounds - likely a highly specific population. It may not generalize well.<p>2.) The videos were pretty short: 3-15 minutes long.<p>3.) The overall effect size is pretty miniscule - it would make little practical difference.<p>4.) The video topics were roman history and real estate appraisals.<p>It will be interesting to see if this generalizes (to longer durations, more technical topics, more diverse population, etc.), but given the above I wouldn&#x27;t change any personal habits based on this study.
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tluyben2over 3 years ago
I would rather just read instead of wasting time watching a video. I take in far more, can reread stuff without messing around with sliders. I can read at my own speed.<p>Is there a service yet which turns a video from YouTube or whatever into a ppt? In a smart way ofcourse (based on amount of change of the particular frames). Would pay for that.
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nickjjover 3 years ago
There&#x27;s another benefit of watching something at 2x too which wasn&#x27;t mentioned which is it can put you into a more receptive mental state.<p>I don&#x27;t know if anyone else is like this but inefficiencies tend to bug me. This is purely personal preference but folks who talk slow or use a lot of filler words can ruin a video for me to the point where I&#x27;m focusing on that instead of the material.<p>I tend to listen to everything at 2x (instructional videos, podcasts, etc.) and I don&#x27;t really see any downsides even if it&#x27;s only watched once. If it&#x27;s something deep or you&#x27;re following along with code then you&#x27;ll be pausing the video no matter what speed you listen to it to apply what you&#x27;re watching. When you factor all of that together you can IMO absorb things just as well as 1x.
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mindvirusover 3 years ago
I did the Georgia Tech OMSCS, and this was similar to my study strategy.<p>I&#x27;d watch the lecture videos 4 times total:<p>- Once at normal speed, without taking notes.<p>- Once at 1.5 or 2x speed (depending on lecturer) to take notes.<p>- Then I&#x27;d do a 2x speed run of all of the content before midterms and finals.<p>I felt like it worked really well, and even years later I feel I&#x27;ve retained a ton of what I learned.
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jasodeover 3 years ago
I&#x27;m guessing the submission might be in response to the recent &quot;Against 3x&quot; essay: <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=29621642" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=29621642</a><p>Another variation on 2x is to listen to <i>2 different people at 2x</i> on the same topic can convey concepts better than listening to only 1 at 1x. Different speakers use different vocabulary, different analogies, etc.<p>As for listening to the same presentation twice at 2x, one reason it works better is that most narratives or lectures do not provide a &quot;mental map&quot; or &quot;scaffolding&quot; to hang all the sentences on. So the 1st pass feels like it&#x27;s a bit random and incoherent but it lets listeners mentally build an outline structure in their head, and then the 2nd pass makes it easier to link the sentences to that structure and it feels more coherent.<p>If speakers did a better job of explicitly providing that outline structure <i>and constantly referring back to it during the narration</i> so listeners don&#x27;t get lost, the 2nd pass wouldn&#x27;t be as necessary.
commonerover 3 years ago
The most important sentence in the article:<p>&gt; The timing mattered, though: only those who’d watched the 2x video for a second time immediately before a test, rather than right after the first viewing, got this advantage.
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calibasover 3 years ago
From the actual study:<p>&gt;We also compared learning outcomes after watching videos once at 1x or twice at 2x speed. <i>There was not an advantage to watching twice at 2x speed</i> but if participants watched the video again at 2x speed immediately before the test, compared with watching once at 1x a week before the test, comprehension improved.<p><a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;onlinelibrary.wiley.com&#x2F;doi&#x2F;10.1002&#x2F;acp.3899?af=R" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;onlinelibrary.wiley.com&#x2F;doi&#x2F;10.1002&#x2F;acp.3899?af=R</a><p>Seems like an odd comparison to make, watching a video one week before a test versus twice immediately before the test.
gnicholasover 3 years ago
For those who didn&#x27;t read the full article, a couple tidbits not covered in the headline:<p>&gt; <i>The timing mattered, though: only those who’d watched the 2x video for a second time immediately before a test, rather than right after the first viewing, got this advantage.</i><p>Also, if subjects watched only once, there was no downside vis a vis 1x watching, until reaching 2.5x:<p>&gt; <i>the 1.5x and 2x groups did just as well on the tests as those who’d watched the videos at normal speed, both immediately afterwards and one week on. Only at 2.5x was learning impaired.</i>
spodekover 3 years ago
&gt; <i>Watching lecture videos is now a major part of many students’ university experience.</i><p>This sentence is the most important, describing a failure in education. Once I learned to teach through project-based learning, I&#x27;m never going back, largely because of student feedback, that they learn more and are more engaged.<p>I&#x27;m not saying we don&#x27;t learn from lecture at all, but a lot less relative to other ways. Maybe some subjects or professors work with lecturing, but not subjects that I studied in college.
nathiasover 3 years ago
It&#x27;s epistemically toxic to promote video as a learning tool. Videos are great for entertainment, entertainment can boraden your horizons, but it isn&#x27;t a good tool for learning anything except when learning a skill that requires mimicking body movements.
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zarzavatover 3 years ago
I can vouch for this technique. Most native speakers can listen much faster than they can talk. Blind users often turn their screen reader speed up to 11.<p>When you listen to a video at a fast speed, it allows you to fit more information into your working memory than you would have been able to .. if .. the .. speaker .. um ... was ... talking .. er ... like ... ... sorry what were we talking about? Oh yes listening at a fast wpm aids understanding of the content. Listen at a speed that is on the border of intelligibility and when you notice that something doesn&#x27;t make sense, pause the video and go back and listen to it again immediately. This active engagement with the content is key instead of passively sitting back and watching a video.<p>It doesn&#x27;t work for all content. Some people just speak really fast and accurately. But for the average online lecture it works super well.
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synthcover 3 years ago
Completely off topic: i was watching an interview with Ozzy Osborne on youtube, and one of the comment said &quot;if you watch it at 2x speed it sounds like a normal conversation&quot;, and it did!
binkHNover 3 years ago
I watch most of my videos at 2x. Well, 1.75x as 2x sometimes makes it too difficult to understand someone, particularly if that person has a strong accent. I find this allows me to digest more content in less time, especially if the person is a slow speaker.<p>If I miss something or can&#x27;t grok something well enough, I&#x27;ll rewind or, well, slow it down a bit for that piece.<p>What do I not watch at 2x? Movie trailers. I want to appreciate the theatrical efforts.
guerrillaover 3 years ago
Funny, this is exactly what I&#x27;ve been doing lately and it did help a lot actually. I felt kind of guilty or stupid for not having figured it out earlier.
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sureklixover 3 years ago
&quot;The more actively you try to learn the better you learn&quot; category conclusion.<p>Any tools&#x2F;frontends for ultimate youtube-based learning? Some things I miss: - highlight code screencasts (so I can copy and paste) - 3x (not all have 2x in youtube) - transcript extract and keyword search and jump to that location in the video =&gt; there must be someone doing this<p>PS: Not trying to promote any project by asking this, genuinely curious.
ajucover 3 years ago
I just wish people still wrote articles instead of making everything a video. You can read at whatever speed you need, you can ctrl+F, it&#x27;s great.
firexcyover 3 years ago
I think a wrinkle often got lost in the discussion is that the outcome of the learning is less affected by the playback speed but the effort and attention you devote to the learning process. Speedify for the purpose of speedifying may result in a net negative efficiency, but can be used to enable other learning methods, e.g., the &quot;play at 2x so as to study twice&quot; method in the study.<p>When I was studying for the bar exam, we had handouts and lecture videos in which the lecturer basically read the content out of the handouts ad verbatim. Therefore, technically I won&#x27;t get anything more by playing the lecture than just reading the handouts. But the handouts are too dry and dull for me to keep focussed in a session, so I played the video at 2x in parallel with my reading. AFAICT the &quot;dual input&quot; did make me learn and remember better. But had I just zoom through the video without the additional efforts of reading, I don&#x27;t think the result would have been as good.
asdffdsaover 3 years ago
For technical subjects (the &quot;most important subjects&quot; with respect to the future career I was planning), I never came out of lectures feeling like I understood the material. Only after reading the textbook, doing exercises, and re-reading the textbook (or looking up a concept online for an alternate explanation if the textbook&#x27;s writing was ambiguous) did I feel any sort of confidence or perform well on exams.<p>Watching the lecture helped cement the material after already having a degree of knowledge, but they served best as optional, supplementary material. Since it served mainly to connect concepts together, I can see how watching it at 2x speed would serve the same purpose, but faster.<p>Most people in university would spend the bare minimum amount of time on both reading, exercises, and lecture in order to get a good grade, where good was defined as &quot;the grade required in order to land a high-paying job&quot;. Since I was a non-conformist, I specifically made a point to read all the material assigned (and probably achieved ~80 - 90%), and one of my favorite activities when I was (rarely) ahead of schedule was to spend an hour reading a couple pages or a chapter of literature from an elective course. Every word, phrase, and sentence I would ponder about the meaning the author conveyed through multiple lenses (e.g. how did it affect the characters, the theme, the scenery, the world of the author, the culture he&#x2F;she wrote them in, as well as the relation&#x2F;history of the words used throughout the novel -- was this a motif? Did the phrase relate to any motifs?).<p>My professor mentioned &quot;these books were meant to be enjoyed over many afternoons, to be read at leisure and to relate it to life with all its silly impossible circumstances and happenings&quot;. What was the end result of all this slow reading? In one narrow sense, it led to me getting worse grades than perhaps I would have if I allocated all my time towards getting the best career possible. It also led to depression -- self-inflicted -- and existentialist contemplation as my outcomes were incredibly poor relatively speaking.<p>What were some of the positives? Sometimes I can look at the brick walkway beneath me and make some quirky, half-sensical remark like &quot;ah, the herringbone structure. The same one Brunelleschi used in the Duomo in Florence&quot;, to which any unfortunate souls try their best to follow socially as if that remark makes any sense in our conversation. Who knows, maybe Sartre would approve.
judahmeekover 3 years ago
If you really want to remember tips from a video, take notes.
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rahimnathwaniover 3 years ago
&quot;The researchers do also add a few caveats. While 2x viewing was fine for learning about the material in their studies — real estate appraisals and the Roman Empire — perhaps it might not work for more complex subject matter; again, only more research will tell.&quot;
unknownus3rover 3 years ago
On real estate and the Roman Empire. If i listened to a math or cs lecture at 1.5-2x id be finished
Borribleover 3 years ago
No, no, no.<p>What you really need is a Nuremberg Funnel.[0]<p>There is rare b&#x2F;w footage of Jeff&#x27;s first steps becoming Bezos with this method back in the 90&#x27;s.[1]<p>You know the drill when you see it.<p>[0] <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;en.wikipedia.org&#x2F;wiki&#x2F;Nuremberg_Funnel" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;en.wikipedia.org&#x2F;wiki&#x2F;Nuremberg_Funnel</a><p>[1] <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.youtube.com&#x2F;watch?v=XxaTAv-Dn7I" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.youtube.com&#x2F;watch?v=XxaTAv-Dn7I</a>
beebeepkaover 3 years ago
Quite a statement because there could be many factors at play. Type of content, density&#x2F;complexity, the individual&#x27;s abilities and mental state.<p>It&#x27;s certainly true for many popular tube channels, that&#x27;s for sure. Then again, I sometimes try to follow physics lectures and those make my head spin beyond the intro. Same with biology, even computers. I am not able to absorb great amounts of new info at once. Could be my age, though
ivan_ahover 3 years ago
Direct link to PDF of research article: <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;onlinelibrary.wiley.com&#x2F;doi&#x2F;pdf&#x2F;10.1002&#x2F;acp.3899?casa_token=1tdA2eq474sAAAAA:Wrwr0KSIZViGm--eEzlRKp2Kdku-dP2d4UQuaPNCjoUratRBFyviM-CO-RfKWV7qWXaOy-pen46B4bw" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;onlinelibrary.wiley.com&#x2F;doi&#x2F;pdf&#x2F;10.1002&#x2F;acp.3899?cas...</a> (obtained from PDF link on scholar.google.com)
varelseover 3 years ago
I find a lot of lecture videos have a cadence that is intentionally slowed down and nearly unwatchable at 1X speed. I&#x27;ve been watching at 2x for a decade or so. When I&#x27;m really adjusted to 2x because I&#x27;m watching an hour or two of lectures daily sometimes I can crank it to 3x and still take it in.<p>But I think this is more a function of the cadence of the speaker than anything else.
bsd44over 3 years ago
Ah yes, &quot;self-improvement&quot;:<p>- watching videos as 2x the speed<p>- speedreading<p>- listening to audiobook while doing chores<p>I&#x27;m sure there&#x27;s plenty more I&#x27;m forgetting here.
OJFordover 3 years ago
Isn&#x27;t this a straightforward corollary of &#x27;more than 50% information can be gleaned when watching at 2x speed&#x27;?
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vmceptionover 3 years ago
I listen at 2.5x and fast forward a lot with the arrow keys<p>Downsides: Videos with background music for something instructional is bad. Stick to just talking. Even the intros that many people make are unnecessary. People that actually talk at a good faster speed and still have a long video are now the worst.
aj7over 3 years ago
The entire concept of listening to lectures at all is under fire. See <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.scientificamerican.com&#x2F;article&#x2F;stop-lecturing-me&#x2F;" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.scientificamerican.com&#x2F;article&#x2F;stop-lecturing-me...</a>
leobgover 3 years ago
Was it Donny Deutsch who said &quot;I&#x27;d rather read 10 books 10 times than 100 books once&quot;?
geocrasherover 3 years ago
If anybody can watch the following video at 2x and get <i>anything</i> out of it, you&#x27;re a better man than I.<p><a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.youtube.com&#x2F;watch?v=D_7Y33AoagY" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.youtube.com&#x2F;watch?v=D_7Y33AoagY</a>
e0a74cover 3 years ago
Is the average person&#x27;s short-term memory and&#x2F;or attention span getting worse?
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shinycodeover 3 years ago
I noticed it as well. With real focus I’m learning the same way. And if the speaker is speaking slowly it’s even better. If the speaker has a foreign accent hard to understand speeding up can be harder if not listening in my main language.
notriskfreeover 3 years ago
Reading is a great deal faster than watching videos. Presumably doubling the speed must also make the presenters sound like chipmunks or voles or something. Perhaps just fiddling with the sound frequency also works.
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temporalpartsover 3 years ago
I want to see the study:<p>&gt; Watching video twice at normal speed can benefit learning better than once at 0.5x speed<p>You need reasonable baselines, otherwise this just says: &quot;going through a material twice improves learning outcomes&quot;.
pyrealover 3 years ago
I come from an English-speaking region where everyone speaks very fast. I watch most instructional videos at 1.5x to 2x just so I don&#x27;t lose focus from enduring slow-talking &quot;mainlanders&quot;. ;)
adenadelover 3 years ago
In case anyone is interested, you can get 3x or 4x on YouTube by opening the console and using this one-liner<p>document.getElementsByTagName(&quot;video&quot;)[0].playbackRate = 3
m_stover 3 years ago
Great idea and I can relate to that. However, I still prefer text and reading. I&#x27;m always missing CTRL+F &#x2F; CMD+F with video bookmarks.
paunthonyover 3 years ago
I do think that this depends on how the information is presented and on you can take and digest information on the learning modules.
cblconfederateover 3 years ago
Would be interesting to know the duration of the videos used. Spaced learning is known to work, but the timings used are important.
axpy906over 3 years ago
The confounding factor in this study strikes me as reviewing before the test. That should improve results regardless of speed.
nottorpover 3 years ago
Of course if the same information were presented in written form you’d be able to go through it 5x as fast.
gsichover 3 years ago
No shit, with Youtube favoring longer videos content creators need to pan out the running time.
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Eliezerover 3 years ago
Okay but is that still true if you use batch normalization and does it beat SOTA
kanakkaover 3 years ago
It’s obvious, because you spend more energy within the same duration.
Nuxover 3 years ago
In other words, repetition is the mother of all learning.<p>Turns out my father was right. ;-)
projectileboyover 3 years ago
2x is always a bit fast for my slow brain, but 1.5x works well for me.
questiondevover 3 years ago
i have add, watching slow videos makes me tune out pretty fast.<p>i switched to 2x on certain videos and yeah i am able to learn because it’s not super drawn out
agumonkeyover 3 years ago
I wonder if khan academy noticed this too.