Since he was using very uncommon symbols and the cipher is old, it's not so unlikely, that the author used a simple letter replacement table. Something like:<p>a -> #,<p>b -> *,<p>c -> =,<p>...<p>and so on.
Unfortunately the handwriting is a bit messy and hard to read, but I'd try to make a frequency table for every symbol and compare that to a frequency table of letters in the english language:<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letter_frequency" rel="nofollow">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letter_frequency</a><p>Now try to replace the most frequent symbol with e, the second most frequent symbol with a or t and so on. Try some variations and look, if it makes any sense.
It will take a major feat of cryptanalysis just to decipher the guy's handwriting, let alone the code parts.<p>Thanks for reminding me why I work with computers.
I've somehow been conditioned to think of these Civil War diaries and letters as full of flowery prose and beautiful handwriting. It's actually amazing to me to see someone writing plainly and with handwriting almost as bad as my own.
Is this what is needed?:<p>1. Assign ascii to the symbols in the code<p>2. Transcribe the code to ascii<p>3. Solve the code in ascii using techniques from Snyder and Barzilay
perhaps its a form of shorthand<p><a href="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Eclectic_shorthand_by_cross.png/200px-Eclectic_shorthand_by_cross.png" rel="nofollow">http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Ecl...</a>