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Launch HN: Certainly Health (YC S23) – Book doctors without surprise bills

186 pointsby blastbkingalmost 2 years ago
Hi HN! We’re Kevin and Daryl from Certainly Health (<a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;certainlyhealth.com&#x2F;">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;certainlyhealth.com&#x2F;</a>), a marketplace that lets you shop for doctors and compare your out-of-pocket costs upfront (currently only in NYC). Using each patient&#x27;s insurance and machine learning, we predict and guarantee out-of-pocket costs to prevent surprise bills.<p>We grew up in immigrant families, and for both of us, our parents would honestly tell us to not trust doctors because of unexpected medical bills. They really believed that doctors were adding on unnecessary things that didn’t help in order to make more money. As adults, we’ve both had first-hand experiences receiving surprise bills even with good insurance while working at tech companies, so solving this problem is personal to us.<p>It turns out 38% of Americans delay medical care for fear of the bill while prices vary 2-10x across health providers, even when using insurance. This led us to believe that creating a marketplace with transparent out-of-pocket costs could be a solution.<p>However, it wasn’t until the July 2022 Transparency in Coverage Rule (<a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.cms.gov&#x2F;healthplan-price-transparency" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.cms.gov&#x2F;healthplan-price-transparency</a>) that we had the payer pricing data (that’s actually high quality compared to hospital data) to create this marketplace. Certainly is the first company to use this data to predict and guarantee prices for consumers to book doctors.<p>We know the HN community has been interested in applications of healthcare price transparency data (<a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=32738783">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=32738783</a>), so we’re excited to share how we’re using this data to predict and guarantee prices for a consumer application.<p>With Certainly, patients can enter their insurance, compare guaranteed out-of-pocket costs across doctors, and book an appointment with price transparency. For providers, we guarantee any patient we send them will always pay. Partner providers pay us any time we send them a new patient. Eventually, we’ll convert providers to using our SaaS platform to guarantee payments from existing patients.<p>We are currently focused on shoppable services - anything that can be scheduled in advance. Our solution falls between two ends of the spectrum for consumer shopping experiences. At one end is healthcare, where the status quo is you go to a doctor and you have no idea what will happen and you have no idea how much it will cost. At the other end is going to a restaurant, having a menu of items with corresponding prices, and deciding which items you want to order.<p>Certainly Health lets you see what services could happen during your visit and how much they will cost. We guarantee that if those services happen, you will not pay more than the out-of-pocket costs you saw upfront for each of those services. But it is ultimately the doctor who decides which services you end up getting (like a chef deciding which dishes you will be served). As a result, you can compare upfront out-of-pocket costs specific to your insurance and book a provider without worrying about surprise bills.<p>A common misconception is that patient out-of-pocket costs are set by doctors. Prices of healthcare services are actually the result of negotiations between providers and insurance companies. Groups with more negotiating power, like large hospital systems, are able to command higher rates than private practice physicians. This variance in cost is enormous across almost all procedures we&#x27;ve looked at, even between providers a few blocks from each other. It might cost $105 to get an orthopedic consultation with one doctor, and $550 to get a consultation with another doctor across the street, for example. This price variance means the out-of-pocket cost also varies for patients with high deductible plans or plans where the copay does not cover all services (which we’ve encountered very often).<p>We do not use hospital price data which is inconsistent and messy (<a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.kff.org&#x2F;health-costs&#x2F;press-release&#x2F;analysis-inconsistencies-within-hospital-price-transparency-data-make-cost-comparisons-difficult&#x2F;" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.kff.org&#x2F;health-costs&#x2F;press-release&#x2F;analysis-inco...</a>). Instead, our guaranteed prices are based on three things: (1) health insurance published rates for procedures, as required by regulation; (2) patient eligibility&#x2F;benefits information (e.g. deductible, copay, coinsurance); and (3) an online learning model to account for variance across thousands of plans and patient conditions.<p>As we process payments and claims, we create an accurate platform for predicting out-of-pocket costs by accounting for variations such as whether certain procedures are covered by an insurance plan&#x2F;copay, and how the rate changes based on diagnosis code (we discovered V97.33XD is for &quot;Sucked into jet engine, subsequent encounter”), number of units, medical coding modifiers, and other factors.<p>Certainly is currently available in NYC where you can choose from over 5k doctors to book without surprise bills for free at <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;certainlyhealth.com&#x2F;">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;certainlyhealth.com&#x2F;</a>. We plan to expand to other cities once we prove that we can establish a low CAC on both the supply and demand sides in NYC.<p>Although we’re early, we’re starting to see intended results. One patient saved $850 on a podiatrist visit booked through us compared to a previous visit with a different doctor for the exact same services. Another was charged for an annual physical, but we identified the mistake and got a refund issued to him. Most of our customers have had surprise bills in the past and are happy to have peace of mind with our upfront, guaranteed prices.<p>We’d love to hear your ideas, experiences, feedback and any feature requests!

27 comments

paulgbalmost 2 years ago
Nice, congrats on the launch!<p>I&#x27;m probably your ICP -- I live in NYC and have been burned by a surprise bill that was frustrating enough that I&#x27;d try a service like this. But after I entered some details to try it out, you hit me with an email wall, so I bounced immediately.<p>It&#x27;s not just that I don&#x27;t want to give my email until I&#x27;ve seen more of a product; the fact that you string me along until I get to the payoff is destructive of user trust. There was an article about this phenomenon on the front page just yesterday: <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=36962502">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=36962502</a>
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ryanianianalmost 2 years ago
1. If there&#x27;s ML and a &quot;guarantee&quot; involved, what actually happens if the bill is larger than predicted?<p>2. I&#x27;ve been to medical appointments where doctors have clearly ordered tests to pad the bill. E.g. a lung capacity test to prescribe stimulant medication. Or doing many blood panels &quot;just in case&quot; (conveniently when they have an in-house blood scanner and phlebotomist). Some practices offer dozens of such tests and procedures. They are judgment calls but doctors are perversely incentivized to order them. What is the patient&#x2F;doctor experience in these situations? Having the menu of services+prices readily visible and available and the doctor walking through the options and risk&#x2F;reward?<p>3. Will you publish the pricing information over time? Perhaps comparing the transparency&#x2F;hospital-published data versus your experiential and predicted data?
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alecstalmost 2 years ago
This is the future. I also know that in-advance EOBs* happen to be on the agenda for the CMS.<p>I&#x27;m curious about how you solved a couple of problems because it&#x27;s becoming clearer to me that healthcare operates in a probabilistic way, which makes price prediction hard. Here&#x27;s a simple timeline of how an average person interacts with the healthcare system.<p>1. A patient has a symptom<p>At this point, the patient can see a primary care doctor, or see a specialist themselves.<p>2. Patient sees a doctor and receives a diagnosis<p>Depending on the symptoms and the doctor, they&#x27;ll receive a set of diagnoses with some probability.<p>3. Patient receives a treatment<p>The patient, based on their symptoms and doctor, will get some set of treatments with some probability.<p>I guess here&#x27;s the rub with outpatient data. Even if you completely figure out the pricing problem, it&#x27;s not obvious (at least not to me) that when a patient goes in for an outpatient procedure that they&#x27;re going to be billed for exactly the shoppable service they think they&#x27;re getting, because it&#x27;s based on probabilities. I think your tool alludes to this actually -- more below.<p>A meniscus repair is an outpatient procedure, and part of CMS&#x27;s shoppable services list*. But I&#x27;m not sure that it&#x27;s the case that when you see an orthopedic surgeon for a meniscus repair that you&#x27;ll be billed for CPT code 29880, or 29881, or something else. It might depend on the surgeon and what they see when they dig into your knee. They also might X-ray your knee, which may or may not be covered.<p>(I&#x27;m not actually sure of the possibilities here, but I think David Gaines at CareIgnition (<a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.careignition.com&#x2F;" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.careignition.com&#x2F;</a>) might know, if you want to discuss with him.)<p>Anyway, to test how you solved this, I searched &quot;meniscus tear&quot; in my area (zip 11377). What I saw was the rates for first consultations with orthopedic surgeons. I did not see rates for the procedure itself, so I couldn&#x27;t easily see what you do in the case that a person is shopping for a 29880&#x2F;29881. However, I did notice that the price variation for a consultation can vary up to a factor of 3, depending on whether the consultation is graded as low or high complexity. You do a good job of explaining this in the drop-down, and noting that most visits are low-complexity, but I suspect that as you expand to more outpatient procedures, the probabilistic parts will become nontrivial and more important...<p>I suppose one approach is to limit procedures in your search engine to ones where 1) the patient _knows_ exactly the procedure they&#x27;re getting and 2) there&#x27;s a low probability that they patient expects to pay for anything but that procedure. Or maybe you could say something about this? I&#x27;m genuinely curious.<p>Finally, one more comment on guaranteed pricing, which I&#x27;m sure you&#x27;ve thought about. My alarm bells go off when I see &quot;guaranteed&quot; because I know, for sure, that some of these rates are wrong. Not all, but some decent fraction of them, and it depends on the carrier -- Aetna&#x27;s rates tend to be more reliable than United&#x27;s for example. I know this because I compared them to internal contracts, and know other people who have done the same. You might be able to pressure the carrier to honor the rate that they published (and I know this has been done on the hospital side) but that&#x27;s a different story, and I&#x27;m not sure how that process shakes out. I also know that sometimes the carrier published multiple rates for the same service, without disambiguating information. I&#x27;m not sure how common this is with the subset of codes&#x2F;plans you&#x27;ve pulled.<p>* &quot;Explanation of Benefits&quot;, i.e. the bill. The insurance company would tell you, before your procedure, the patient&#x27;s portion of the bill, which parts would be denied, etc.<p>* <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.cms.gov&#x2F;healthplan-price-transparency&#x2F;resources&#x2F;500-items-services" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.cms.gov&#x2F;healthplan-price-transparency&#x2F;resources&#x2F;...</a>
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krobalmost 2 years ago
Years ago, back in like 2011, I worked for pricedoc.com, this was our primary goal as well. Doctors wouldn&#x27;t talk to us. Legally they&#x27;re bound to not due to their insurance contracts. The only doctors we gained some traction with were plastic surgery, and dental. Because these doctors tend to deal more with cash patients. We didn&#x27;t survive long. Maybe 14 months. Then sold our IP to some other startup called greatvets.com and we struggled like crazy to get exposure by vets to want to use our product. Same goal to provide cash prices. Good luck.
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rmoreyalmost 2 years ago
Congrats! This is a desperately needed product. I&#x27;m really curious as to how you onboarded the 5k providers that you have now. That is a sizable number, and in NYC, the market most saturated by Zocdoc, whom you&#x27;ve identified as your only real competitor (who don&#x27;t currently provide price predictions). I&#x27;m sure any provider familiar with ZD will have had their eye caught by &quot;Only pay a patient booking fee when a patient books through Certainly <i>and shows up.</i>&quot;
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arnonejoealmost 2 years ago
We created a similar product in 2014 and closed 18 months later (openhospital.com). Our team landed an interview with YC for the S2014 batch. I will say number of doctors were very interested in this, especially the concierge docs. We ran in to a number of issues but the gist was that medicine needs to be sold as a product. Anything surgical is typically billed against a dozen or more CPT codes for a single procedure and often involves more than one provider.<p>Finding consumers is going to be difficult. You guys are also going up against an entrenched multi billion dollar health care industry. We found that the providers were all required by their contracts with the health insurance companies to ask for an insurance card. If a patient had disclosed that they have health insurance, the provider was not allowed to offer a cash price (which is often cheaper).<p>Since you are building a marketplace I would strongly recommend reading The Coldstart Problem by Andrew Chen. I wish this book were available back when we launched our marketplace.<p>Good luck. I hope it works out.
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rwissmannalmost 2 years ago
How do you handle the interaction with insurance plan information like accrued deductible? Certainly aims to guarantee the patient responsibility, right?<p>Love to see innovation in this space!<p>The challenge of not knowing what other services might end up being done seems daunting from a UX perspective. Hopefully you guys can find a solution.<p>(I was early on the Data team at Oscar Health, so have more than my fair share of experience with thorny health care pricing data.)
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whiddershinsalmost 2 years ago
I don’t understand this at all. My understanding is that in New York State a healthcare provider cannot bill you over your insurance.<p>Once they agree to take your insurance you are liable for out of pocket or copays as per your agreement with your insurance company.<p>Unless you deliberately go to a doctor who doesn’t take insurance, which is generally only something very wealthy people do.<p>What situation is this attempting to address?<p>Edit: I’ve read the explanation in more detail above and I still don’t get it.
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legitsteralmost 2 years ago
&gt; But it is ultimately the doctor who decides which services you end up getting (like a chef deciding which dishes you will be served). As a result, you can compare upfront out-of-pocket costs specific to your insurance and book a provider without worrying about surprise bills.<p>This is the problem though. 9&#x2F;10 when I get a surprise bill, it&#x27;s because the hospital tacked on billing codes. So unless your model can spit out a likelihood that a clinic is going to classify an ear cleaning as a surgery, it will not prevent the worst surprise bills.<p>You should also include cash-price options. Since switching to an HSA, I have saved <i>tons</i> of money. Some hospitals even have across the board 60% discounts for cash. Pretty often the cash price can be lower than the out-of-pocket expenses when going through insurance! And I have never yet gotten a surprise bill when I settle the bills immediately.
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itissidalmost 2 years ago
A Question. NYC has a law regarding surprise medical bills:(<a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;ag.ny.gov&#x2F;resources&#x2F;individuals&#x2F;health-care-insurance&#x2F;surprise-billing" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;ag.ny.gov&#x2F;resources&#x2F;individuals&#x2F;health-care-insuranc...</a>). If I understand that law correctly hospitals&#x2F;facilities can&#x27;t bill both in and out of network piecemeal billing for care if they are supposed to be in network.<p>Would this mean the app is less useful once you are already admitted to a hospital in NYC that I know has a lot of care in my network? How does it help in such situations if we assume the law may not always do so?
ethbr0almost 2 years ago
Thing I&#x27;ve always been curious about -- what&#x27;s the process when an ICD-10 code for a specific scenario doesn&#x27;t exist?<p>Is there a catch-all bucket that &quot;other things&quot; go into?
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atlasunshruggedalmost 2 years ago
This is really interesting, I&#x27;m curious what made you decide to focus on U.S. doctors versus a medical tourism style marketplace if you&#x27;re targeting price-sensitive folks? What are your expectations on the customer acquisition costs? It seems like that&#x27;s one of the most difficult pieces as you&#x27;d get folks for one-off purchases or maybe once in a great while, but it seems unlikely you&#x27;d get a strong recurring revenue stream from a single customer.
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robertlagrantalmost 2 years ago
If you make it to the UK, don&#x27;t forget to account for SCTID 74105006! [0]<p>[0] <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;termbrowser.nhs.uk&#x2F;?perspective=full&amp;conceptId1=74105006&amp;edition=uk-edition&amp;release=v20230607&amp;server=https:&#x2F;&#x2F;termbrowser.nhs.uk&#x2F;sct-browser-api&#x2F;snomed&amp;langRefset=999001261000000100,999000691000001104" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;termbrowser.nhs.uk&#x2F;?perspective=full&amp;conceptId1=7410...</a>
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haldujaialmost 2 years ago
Couple comments:<p>1. I tried searching colonoscopy in the UES and the experience is a bit confusing.<p>Although it says &quot;showing price for colonoscopy&quot; I had to expand the price breakdown to see that some of the quotes (the cheaper ones) don&#x27;t include the procedure and are just for a consult.<p>2. <i>If the provider performs any services not listed in your Certainly Price Protection package, you will be liable and have to directly pay the provider for those services.</i><p>This is going to be challenging as you scale up. What you&#x27;re doing&#x2F;saying works for predictable encounters like derm as you state in comments but thinking of my own procedural days I often don&#x27;t know what I&#x27;ll be billing (or doing) until I&#x27;m starting the case. I&#x27;d imagine it&#x27;s worse for my surgical colleagues.<p>It&#x27;s a good idea, it&#x27;ll be interesting to see how you tackle the bigger problem in surprise billing&#x2F;price transparency which is the more complex work and encounters rather than the easy stuff like a consult, makes sense to start there though.
dr_almost 2 years ago
What I like about this idea, as opposed to pure cash payment models, is that this allows the patient to remain in network, so that all payments are applied to their deductible (at least I think that’s what you are doing). Pure cash models make little sense - depending on the severity or complexity of your condition, which you can’t always tell in advance, there may be no end to the amount you ultimately owe.<p>What concerns me however is the guarantee part of it. It’s a bold move that is fraught with risk, especially as you get into higher ticket items, such as various surgical procedures. It’s not clear to me how you spread this risk out (you take the downside risk, but what’s the upside - just the referral fees?)
eek2121almost 2 years ago
Note that all emergency visits are always &quot;in-network&quot; regardless of your location and&#x2F;or diagnosis&#x2F;duration. It is the law. If you receive a bill saying not covered or out of network, contact your insurance.
itissidalmost 2 years ago
&gt; Groups with more negotiating power, like large hospital systems, are able to command higher rates than private practice physicians.<p>A thought: I wonder if this also mean that large hospitals will have doctors that earn more and somehow correlated with better care in <i>certain cases</i>? For example, In NYC I have found better care with Beth Israel and NYU Langone for Preventative and Diagnostic Health care than private practices.<p>I have *not* had experience for injury treatment&#x2F;surgery at hospitals, but WSJ has reported extensively on wacky Hospital billing practices for such patients.
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nostreboredalmost 2 years ago
I&#x27;ve lived in countries where medical pricing was extremely upfront. You could go in, pay for your services, and walk out without any uncertainty. Even for ER visits, the maximum that you&#x27;d pay was clearly denoted, for everything short of a hospital stay.<p>After moving back to the US, I had a huge amount of culture clash after an ER visit. I was leaving the hospital and asked the front desk where I could pay, and they looked at me like I was a lunatic.<p>I&#x27;d be really curious if you have plans to tackle these types of visits if you get enough bargaining power.
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otikikalmost 2 years ago
From outside the US this reads like &quot;Pay protection money to the Mob without surprise bills&quot;
healthapiguyalmost 2 years ago
&gt; (2) patient eligibility&#x2F;benefits information (e.g. deductible, copay, coinsurance);<p>How are you retrieving this? Typically eligibility is only available through clearinghouses to providers - not directly to consumers.
howon92almost 2 years ago
This is a problem worth solving. Congrats on launch!
lcnpc1848almost 2 years ago
Do you happen to be hiring for customer service roles?
fifteenfortyalmost 2 years ago
Let me get this straight: you are selling a guarantee of maximum price for a medical service?<p>You are selling health insurance.
doctortheowalmost 2 years ago
This is nice and I hope it becomes standard. I have basically not been to the doctor in 7 years because of medical bill fears.<p>I work at a big tech company and have theoretically very good insurance, but I have heard stories where the insurance gets declined even though they say they take it… or some lab specialist is using a different insurance network and you have no control over using them. If I don’t have coverage then there is nothing stopping them from billing me like $1m as far as I can tell, <i>after the fact</i>, when I can’t just decline the service. It’s insane that they can’t say what it will cost up front.<p>My company switched insurance <i>name</i> but not <i>network</i> and doctors didn’t understand it and started denying the claims… even though they were technically in the network! That’s when I gave up, after reading other employees’ reports of that.
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codegeekalmost 2 years ago
&quot;using each patient&#x27;s insurance....&quot;<p>I usually commend anyone trying to fix our Healthcare system in America but every time I see a startup in this space, no one can dare to fight against the main culprit: the middle man Health Insurance Mafia. I wish someone could do something where Health Insurance mafia is no longer in picture except for catastrophic insurance. Watch how prices drop for everything when Doctors&#x2F;Hospitals can bill patients directly in cash.
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kevmoalmost 2 years ago
America is eventually going to move to a socialized healthcare model like the rest of the developed world. I hope.
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midenginedcoupealmost 2 years ago
Seen from outside the US this is wild. Yet more middlemen to deal with middlemen. And you wonder why US healthcare is so expensive with such relatively poor outcomes.
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