Sources/Citations:
[1] Ward, J., Nowacki, A., & Rost, S. (2020). Lateral velocity gradients in the African lower mantle inferred from slowness space observations of multipathing. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 21, e2020GC009025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GC009025" rel="nofollow">https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GC009025</a>, CC BY 4.0.
[2] Bono, Richard & Tarduno, John & Bunge, Hans-peter. (2019). Hotspot motion caused the Hawaiian-Emperor Bend and LLSVPs are not fixed. Nature Communications. 10. 10.1038/s41467-019-11314-6. CC BY 4.0.
[3] Yuan, Q., Li, M., Desch, S. J., and Ko, B., “Giant Impact Origin for the Large Low Shear Velocity Provinces”, vol. 2020, 2020.
[4] Andersen, J., Göğüş, O.H., Pysklywec, R.N. et al. Symptomatic lithospheric drips triggering fast topographic rise and crustal deformation in the Central Andes. Commun Earth Environ 3, 150 (2022). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-022-00" rel="nofollow">https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-022-00</a>..., CC BY 4.0
[5] Yuan, Q., Li, M., "Dynamics in Earth’s Mantle: Constraints from Planetary Scale to Nanoscale", Thesis, 2022, Arizona State University
[6] U.S. Geological Survey