See "Massive migration from the steppe was a source for Indo-European languages in Europe"[1]<p>Interestingly, the PIE words for agricultural items are not PIE and seem to have been adopted from the languages of the pre-existing peoples that were overrun.<p>Also, the article states: <i>"For the peoples living in Eurasia before the Yamnaya arrived, being conquered was tantamount to 'cultural erasure. The erasure was often physical, too. In many places, indigenous male DNA disappears upon the arrival of the Yamnaya, while indigenous female DNA is traceable in the following generations."</i> Supporting this, sites of massacres of males are being found in various places in Continental Europe.<p>So in some sense the Steppe Hypothsis / Kurgan Hypothesis of Marija Gimbutas was spot on, that "patriarchy became established as the result of a 'collision of cultures'."<p>[1]<a href="https://reich.hms.harvard.edu/sites/reich.hms.harvard.edu/files/inline-files/nature14317_0.pdf" rel="nofollow">https://reich.hms.harvard.edu/sites/reich.hms.harvard.edu/fi...</a>