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Five Paragraph Essays

134 pointsby jaf12dukeover 11 years ago

24 comments

grellasover 11 years ago
A nice post whose essential point is that you should eschew formulaic methods of writing that force you to fit your thoughts into a rigid format and thus hamper your ability to express them in a way that best suits the subject.<p>Writing style most definitely ought to be customized for its subject and context.<p>Some say to write simply. This can be good. You engage your reader. You use active voice. You limit adverbs. You keep sentences short. Nothing wrong at all with this. It works well for many purposes.<p>Personally, I like to vary the short, direct, and active approach with occasional long, flowing sentences that can add flow to your writing, that can mix polysyllabic words with plain ones, that can use the passive voice as freely as the active when it is appropriate for the task at hand, that can build a succession of thoughts one upon the other in ways that flow naturally for a reader, that can interpose an arresting pause or two to emphasize a particular point - for example, by using hyphens to isolate an illustrative example - and that can bring in parallel elements to help dramatize a point, whether as a matter of form, or of substance, or of any combination of the two.<p>Whatever your style, the structure of your piece ought to be customized to its content. If it is a simple subject, it can have a simple format (nothing inherently wrong with the 5-paragraph format if it is not used in a formulaic way). If it is complex, then it needs to develop its themes with whatever level of nuance and subtlety may be needed to say something intelligent about the subject.<p>You need to be yourself in how you express your thoughts. Ever read a standard old-fashioned press release. It almost always begins something like this: &quot;Company X, the world&#x27;s leading producer of xxx and other market-leading products . . .&quot; Apparently, whoever writes these things has been taught to puff the company right up front to give the release maximum impact. For me, this sort of style has the opposite effect. I read the canned language and I immediately click off and think, &quot;this piece is going to be of very limited value to me, if any.&quot; And, just as this is true of such press releases, it is true of any other <i>artificial</i> way that people express themselves in writing. The artificiality may give you a fill-in-the-blanks way of completing your writing task but it works against you with the reader. Readers <i>want</i> to be stimulated in their thinking and, by using custom forms of expression - whether it be by an apt metaphor, a vivid illustration, an engaging story, or whatever - you do them a tremendous service by making what you say interesting. For this purpose, you should put yourself in their shoes and think, &quot;how would I want to have this explained to me to make it interesting.&quot;<p>But being yourself is more than just ranting about a subject. Good writing takes hard work and by that I mean far more than putting time into a particular piece. I mean instead that good writing is the result of a cumulative effort, often spread over a lifetime, by which you read widely about many things, learn how to think, write frequently to develop your skills, gain depth of language skills through significant formal study if you can, and do any of a number of other things that prepare you to meet your reader as a craftsman and not as a hack (used in its non-HN meaning, of course). Yes, this is <i>very</i> hard work. But you will see that it is well worth the effort. You have a lot to say about interesting things. Well, learn to say it well.<p>Other opinions may vary. This is mine. In general, it also seems to be that of the author of this piece, who put his thoughts well. It is a post worth reading. For anyone interested, I have put together a few additional thoughts on what makes for good legal writing (my particular vocation), which is set forth here: <a href="http://www.grellas.com/articles.html" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.grellas.com&#x2F;articles.html</a>.
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overgardover 11 years ago
So here&#x27;s something I just learned recently: be polarizing.<p>By that, I don&#x27;t mean be controversial for controversies sake (that&#x27;s cheap). I mean that good writing has a point, and if you have a strong point people will be polarized by it, and that&#x27;s actually a good thing. The worst writing I read (especially from myself) is writing that tries to hedge so it doesn&#x27;t offend people. People SHOULD be offended. That&#x27;s why you wrote the damn thing. If everyone already agrees, then you&#x27;re not saying something worthwhile.
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GCA10over 11 years ago
Provocative! I write for a living, and I&#x27;ve got two teenage sons learning all the standard high-school writing rules. I tell them that the rules are like using glue or nails to make furniture.<p>It&#x27;s possible to defy the rules and produce something awesome. But often you just need to produce something that&#x27;s reliable, sturdy, useful and quick. Learn the rules first. Use them most of the time. Break them when you&#x27;ve got a rare, wonderful reason to do so.<p>Blogging is the most conversational form of writing out there. The best bloggers conjure up structures that are so subtle and sophisticated that everything seems totally free-form. Getting that right consistently is a gift. Switching into conversation mode 100% of the time and hoping for great results is like pressing together some notched pieces of wood and hoping for the best.
antiterraover 11 years ago
It&#x27;s liberating and exciting when you learn there are tons of established structural patterns more interesting than five paragraph and you&#x27;re expected to use and modify them.<p>Then you have to relearn the five paragraph essay for the GRE, and it&#x27;s worse than the first time.
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ivan_ahover 11 years ago
I recently discovered the &quot;speak, don&#x27;t write&quot; rule while finishing my thesis and I it has done wonders for me. I had written all the technical parts of the thesis but had writers&#x27; block writing the introduction. How could you possibly summarize 200pp of formulas and equations in a few paragraphs? I kept writing attempts-at-paragraphs then editing each sentence until the paragraph was a lifeless, unconnected jumble of ideas and facts.<p>At some point I was so tired that I went for a walk and recorder myself explaining the intro and, lo and behold, it came out good. After that I acted as my own secretary and transcribed it and I was done!<p>For those who want to try this, I recommend you have a little plan before yous start writing so you can have a high level structure in mind about what you want to say:<p><pre><code> point-form plan ---&gt; speak it ---&gt; transcribe --&gt; final edits</code></pre>
adamzernerover 11 years ago
<i>&gt; To become a better writer you have to stop writing and start speaking.</i><p>I loved it right up until that point.<p>The problem with the 5 paragraph essay, is that it&#x27;s a rule-of-thumb. It&#x27;s a good guide, but isn&#x27;t necessarily appropriate.<p>People seem like they always want to prescribe &#x27;the rule to follow to do x&#x27;. Their &#x27;rule&#x27; ends up being a rule-of-thumb, and then smart people dissect its inadequacies. I think that&#x27;s what you did, is you nicely dissected a stupid rule-of-thumb, but then prescribed an equally stupid one.<p>There are a lot of flaws in the structure of thought, and that definitely isn&#x27;t an <i>optimal</i> way to write an essay. Personally, I like to diagram my argument out first (how the sub-arguments relate to each other, like a dependency tree).
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InclinedPlaneover 11 years ago
The best thing you can do to become a better writer is learn to edit. Once you&#x27;ve written something, anything, go back through and make it better. Pick apart the parts that seem clumsy and figure out ways to say the same thing. Don&#x27;t be afraid to completely drop something you&#x27;ve said that you thought was particularly clever if it doesn&#x27;t fit. Also don&#x27;t be afraid to just completely rewrite a big chunk of stuff, use what you&#x27;ve written as notes and start rewriting. A good way to start is by trying to make things simpler and more direct. Think of it like refactoring for writing.
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ameister14over 11 years ago
I think the author misunderstood the lesson his professor was teaching him. He was told to abandon the structure he knew in favor of content, but that doesn&#x27;t mean that structure is inherently valueless or indeed that the 5 paragraph structure is without value.<p>The structure of writing is not really about ranks or levels. A Pulitzer prize winner can choose to write a 5 paragraph essay without lowering himself to a &#x27;high school level&#x27; of writing. You don&#x27;t level up in college, you learn a variety of structures and skills. This doesn&#x27;t mean that the skills you developed in high school are lessened. It just means that you have more tools to choose from, and are probably better at deciding between them.
MichaelDickensover 11 years ago
The five-paragraph essay isn&#x27;t structured the way it is because that&#x27;s a good structure, but because it&#x27;s easy to write and grade quickly. The AP graders don&#x27;t have time to read thousands of 5+ page essays with myriad layouts and structures.
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L_Rahmanover 11 years ago
Writing is the hardest thing I&#x27;ve ever had to do. Once the length of what I need to write exceeds around a hundred words, it&#x27;s almost as if my brain stops working. I&#x27;m graduating from college this summer and looking back on it, I&#x27;d go so far as to argue papers were harder than thermodynamics midterms.<p>What I have going for me is that I&#x27;m a pretty good public speaker. The moment I picture myself behind a podium in front of an audience, ideas organize themselves into coherent patterns. It&#x27;s a skill that&#x27;s been honed over many weekends of debate practice.<p>My writing process now looks like this:<p>1. Identify thesis 2. Give a speech 3. Take bulleted notes 4. Give the speech again 5. Revise bulleted notes 6. If satisfied with structure begin expanding bullets into sentences and paragraphs.
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onadaover 11 years ago
It&#x27;s absolutely liberating to break free from the (very American) 5 paragraph essay; that&#x27;s more of a learning tool, really. And you don&#x27;t need to write a five paragraph essay on the GRE; I&#x27;ve consistently gotten 97% with my own versions, and I stopped writing in 5 paragraphs long ago. It&#x27;s all about content, synthesis... The 5 paragraph is a start, but we should be taught to shed it when we&#x27;re ready!
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Double_Castover 11 years ago
<p><pre><code> [1] Reification vs Abstraction; [2] E-prime vs Evaluation; [3] Active Voice vs Passive Voice; [4] Germanic vs Latin; [5] Specific Diction vs Concatenated Adverbs; </code></pre> Here&#x27;s a list of the writing ideas (in no particular order) which I&#x27;ve found most helpful. Eveything has its time and place. But as a heuristic, left-side items are better than right-side items. A few explanatory links off the top of my head:<p>[1] <a href="http://lesswrong.com/lw/k7/original_seeing/" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;lesswrong.com&#x2F;lw&#x2F;k7&#x2F;original_seeing&#x2F;</a><p>[2] <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-Prime" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;en.wikipedia.org&#x2F;wiki&#x2F;E-Prime</a><p>[3] <a href="http://www.towson.edu/ows/activepass.htm" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.towson.edu&#x2F;ows&#x2F;activepass.htm</a><p>[4] <a href="https://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/orwell46.htm" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.mtholyoke.edu&#x2F;acad&#x2F;intrel&#x2F;orwell46.htm</a><p>[5] &quot;Adverb are weak. They modify modifiers. Instead, use more specific verbs.&quot; - my English teacher
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caster_cpover 11 years ago
Dictating the text is an extraordinary advice! I (still) didn&#x27;t manage to build a decent blog, but I do write a lot. When I started to think about the text as if I were simply going through what I wanted to speak with someone, it was liberating.<p>On the other hand, though, I do understand the need to use the five paragraph structure (or, here in Brazil, the &quot;three sections structure&quot;). I, just as you, was usually pretty annoyed with these formulaic approaches to text, until I&#x27;ve had to re-learn all this essay writing stuff for my masters. In my college, professors and students are pretty close and debate is (really) stimulated, so I decided to throw my ramblings onto the writing professor (a very good writer, indeed). I used José Saramago (a portuguese Nobel prize winner that uses commas as periods, writes giant paragraphs, all the weird stuff) as my &quot;strong&quot; example, thinking it would shed the formalized structure argument to pieces and I would rise triumphantly from the talk with a Portuguese PhD specialized in text analysis. It didn&#x27;t take me so long to realize why she had her PhD, and that her point of view was pretty convincing and, of course, well structured.<p>Kaboom! And I was illuminated. She agreed with each of my complaints. But then she proceeded to show me some texts from the beginning of the semester, comparing them with texts from the end of the semester. They were, in general, much clearer, concise, straight to the point - in one word, better. She argued that a course like that was intended to make people that do not write start to write something intelligible, comprehensible. It was not a course on creative writing. Therefore, the need for simplified rules and structures.<p>I do understand that this was the OP&#x27;s whole point: upon reading his colleague&#x27;s text, he judged it based on the rules he had learned. Then, when he talked to the other teacher, he realized that the main point of a text is to communicate something, irrespective of the number of paragraphs it has or the position of the goddamn thesis.<p>This rambling of mine is just to point to the other side: rules are important in some specific moments of the development of a proto-writer :)<p>That happens with all kinds of expressive, communicative actions we humans perform (in my opinion): photography, painting, music, poetry... All of them have some (or plenty of)rules. But these rules are not meant to be used as a &quot;ruler&quot; to judge if a work is good or bad, they are just a compass to guide the noobs :)
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andrewflnrover 11 years ago
The tip about speaking first may be a good one, but it shouldn&#x27;t be portrayed as universal. I tend to express myself better through writing, and to be awkward when speaking. IMO the trick is to drop your inhibitions about writing crap so you can just get a draft down somehow.
jccalhounover 11 years ago
While I totally agree that the 5 paragraph essay format can be restrictive and is not suited for every situation, I think a good thesis statement in the first paragraph or two is frequently a good idea. Too often while reading posts online I often find that I&#x27;m most of the way through the post before I find out what point the author is trying to make. There are cases where keeping the actual point of the post or story is done as a way of adding suspense or gaining the reader&#x27;s interest, it seems like most of the time the writers of posts like this are rambling or front-loading the piece to such a degree that it is off-putting and distracts from their message.
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hyp0over 11 years ago
I find speaking aloud does result in a better flowing essay.<p>But I wonder which effects are due to the speaking; and which to how speaking reminds you that you are trying to communicate to someone, and give them something of value?<p>Consider the problem-solving technique of explaining the problem to someone - which also works well when explaining it to a duck. Would writing a letter to a duck work as well as telling it? Is the helpfulness inextricably tied to verbalizing?
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tomblomfieldover 11 years ago
If the 5-paragraph essay sounds bad, you should take a look at the French essay-writing style taught in schools and universities. In the first year or two of elite universities, the structure of the essay is often more important than the content.<p><a href="http://bettizpod.over-blog.com/article-17353773.html" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;bettizpod.over-blog.com&#x2F;article-17353773.html</a>
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philip1209over 11 years ago
I would argue that structured writing with clear organization and simple diction is the most effective for informing people.<p>Books like Language Intelligence or manuals of technical writing delve into the topic fairly well. Watch championship extemporaneous speakers to see how to create an extended metaphor and build a structured progression of sources and analysis in a speech.
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dmschulmanover 11 years ago
I like the idea of dictating while on a walk. I use Naturally Speaking to dictate in the office, but you have to be tied to the computer to do it. As any freelancer can tell you, getting out of the house really helps the ideas flow and from a different perspective too
brianzelipover 11 years ago
&gt; I then email the audio file to have it transcribed by a virtual assistant and Booyah!<p>Do you think he&#x27;s using &quot;virtual assistant&quot; here as an application, or a human service? Can anyone recommend one or two examples of each? (Does a software version exist?)
raymonddukeover 11 years ago
As a copywriter, I know that the better you are at fine writing, the more of a disadvantage you are in.<p>When you write to sell, you want the focus to be on the product - not your smooth talking voice.<p>Imagine a salesperson using poetry to sell you something. Although it would be entertaining, it would not help sell the product.<p>Don&#x27;t write to entertain. Don&#x27;t write to make YOU sound better. Write for THEM.<p>The problem with academia is it is built around bolstering YOUR ego. In the real world, having a big ego is counterproductive to working your way up the ladder. It&#x27;s like having a broken leg in a marathon.<p>Don&#x27;t believe me? Just look at how much trouble people with degrees are having. They can&#x27;t find jobs. They don&#x27;t have social skills. They have big egos, but can&#x27;t make money.<p>And yes, I have a degree. I have a piece of paper that I can tell people I have. My clients are only mildly interested in the fact that I have one.
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plgover 11 years ago
&quot; I then email the audio file to have it transcribed by a virtual assistant and Booyah! I have my first draft.&quot;<p>Q: is there software to transcribe instead of sending it to a virtual assistant (e.g. on the mac?)
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thenerdfilesover 11 years ago
Uh. There&#x27;s<p>the aphoristic style,<p>the &quot;5-paragraph&quot; style,<p>the dialogue,<p>the trialogue,<p>the research paper, etc.<p>A paper should be as simple as necessary, but no simpler. Depending on your topic, you could have 20 paragraphs, 10 paragraphs. And if what you&#x27;re writing is arguably good, length shouldn&#x27;t matter. At some point in your paper you should say, &quot;I&#x27;m doing a damn fine job here, and my professor should love to read this.&quot;<p>If you cannot say that, <i>that</i> is a good indication that you should dump the paper. Not some rigid, lifeless arbitrary numeral. <i>Numbers are not out to get you</i>.<p>Our education system in the West has done a serious disservice to us by installing this idea that we should feel bad about making others read what we write.<p>It&#x27;s bloody awful.
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michaelochurchover 11 years ago
Pardon anyone who thinks I&#x27;m taking this off the rails to discuss VC instead of writing-- you read that right; I don&#x27;t need a pardon-- but the easy-to-grade, 5-paragraph stencil essay is a <i>perfect</i> metaphor for the venture-funded startup: creatively immature, built to impress and fill a templateable need (funding pitch, acq-hire) rather than to purpose, formulaic and easy to crank out even on a deadline.<p>Ok, I won the thread and I&#x27;m taking it home with me.