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The Truth About Speed Reading

113 pointsby fraqedabout 11 years ago

28 comments

graemeabout 11 years ago
This is of interest to me, as I have much practical experience with teaching people to read faster.<p>I read rather fast, around 500-600 WPM. My comprehension is high, and I am also excellent at &quot;skimming&quot;: reading far faster than normal to identify specific parts of the text.<p>Professionally, I teach people to do better on the law school admission test (LSAT). The exam has a section on reading comprehension. Student must read four dense passages in 35 minutes and answer questions.<p>Most students complain that they don&#x27;t have enough time. Invariably, when I test these students, they are reading 200-250 WPM. That&#x27;s half my speed! At the low end (sub-200) students actually vocalize words - their lips move when they read. Other students, who have enough time, read 280+<p>For the past year, I have been experimenting with training students to reduce subvocalization and read faster. A sizeable minority of students report very rapid increased, perhaps 60-100 WPM within a week. Perhaps 40%. Many other report improved skimming (important on the test), even if their speed doesn&#x27;t increase. About half report no improvement, but many of them simply don&#x27;t try the method, as they are skeptical.<p>I&#x27;m not a believer in 1000+ reading speeds, but I do think many people have a latent capacity to read better. My own results support this, though my research methods leave something to be desired.<p>Does anyone know of studies that test whether improvements within the normal band of reading speed are possible?
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Jugurthaabout 11 years ago
Oh God, speed reading ...<p>I like it when people mention how it&#x27;s awesome and how it &quot;totally works&quot;..<p>I can read fast through light content, but some parts of a text need comprehension, not just to be read. They need a mental effort that you don&#x27;t exert reading an article about a movie star.<p>Like many of you, I spend a lot of time reading technical doc. It&#x27;s not necessarily &quot;complicated&quot;, but it certainly is complex. Speed readers don&#x27;t seem to get the subtlety of this, and when anyone says it works, I&#x27;d love to hand them the IEEE articles and the bunch of journals I eat all day long and dare them to just summarize the state of the art part.<p>As I said, there are parts you can read fast because the content concentration isn&#x27;t that high, and, thanks to plagiarism in the scientific community, a <i>lot</i> of articles are worded in an uncomfortably &quot;similar&quot; -cough verbatim- way. There are parts though you need to stop. Read, re-read.<p>You can&#x27;t speed read parts where a comma matters. Where there are a lot of interconnections between several works, etc..<p>The reason, I think, some people think speed reading works is that they don&#x27;t read much and don&#x27;t read much stuff that matters to be able to tell it doesn&#x27;t work.<p>Most people have a short attention span. Heck most wouldn&#x27;t even be able to read a &quot;paragraph&quot;, so I wonder where they had all that &quot;experience&quot; speed reading. That&#x27;s like claiming to have test driven a Ferrari in a 20 feet track. I&#x27;ll simply say &quot;Good for you&quot;.<p>Try to post that link to your friends who claim to speed read, most of them won&#x27;t even read it entirely. Ask them how they liked X part (that doesn&#x27;t exist). They would probably answer you assuming it&#x27;s really there. There you go, you proved my point.
tokenadultabout 11 years ago
My base reading speed for most English-language books and other publications is about 500 words per minute, with good comprehension by test. I have never had any trouble at all finishing all the sections of a standardized test with time to spare, for example, whether the SAT or the GRE or the LSAT. There is a huge published literature on reading skills improvement, for readers of all levels of reading proficiency, and when I was in university I read many books about that topic, including some books that made incredible &quot;speed-reading&quot; claims, to see what I could do to improve my ability to finish my homework while working my way through my university courses. One distillation I have of all the advice I read is that it helps reading speed and comprehension a lot to improve vocabulary. English vocabulary improvement can build on studying common Greek, Latin, and French word roots that show up over and over in English words. Doing that seems to have done the most for my reading speed and comprehension, which was never bad in English. A book I recommend for vocabulary development is <i>English Vocabulary Elements</i> 2nd edition.[1] To bolster my reading speed in other languages, I&#x27;ve also had to focus on reading practice and acquiring reading vocabulary. In Chinese for foreign learners, the materials by the late John DeFrancis, his <i>Chinese Reader</i> series in beginning, intermediate, and advanced levels, are still the best available for that purpose, although they appear to be going out of print.<p>[1] <a href="http://www.amazon.com/English-Vocabulary-Elements-Keith-Denning/dp/0195168038" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.amazon.com&#x2F;English-Vocabulary-Elements-Keith-Denn...</a>
xenophanesabout 11 years ago
One thing the anti-speed-reading folks never take into account is comprehension <i>per time</i>. They always look at comprehension for one reading of the material.<p>My regular reading speed is around 220 wpm. But I can speed read or speed listen at much more than double that. Therefore, I can do TWO speed readings in less time than one slow reading.<p>So for a fair comparison, you have to look at TWO speed readings vs ONE slow reading. In that case, the speed reading might win on comprehension, even though it was behind after its first reading. Reading stuff twice improves comprehension a lot, and can still be done in less time.<p>Or if I really really care about something, I would do a slow reading and several speed readings, and I think that&#x27;s way more effective than doing multiple slow readings, for the same amount of time or less.<p>Also with speed reading I can do over 500 wpm with very good comprehension. The point where I can&#x27;t keep up mentally or with my eyes is (after a lot of practice) above 500 wpm. But my regular reading speed, if I just use Kindle app or a paper book, remains under half that.<p>I can also speed read at over 1000 wpm, for light reading but not dense philosophy. Yes comprehension drops, but two readings at 1000 wpm for light reading may still beat one reading at 500 wpm for the same material. Or FOUR readings at 1000 wpm could beat ONE slow reading, in less time.<p>It&#x27;s important to be able to read at many different speeds, and also use several skimming methods, and think of them as different tools in your toolbox, and then figure out which is appropriate for what you want to accomplish. If you always read everything the same way, you&#x27;re doing it wrong.
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mbestoabout 11 years ago
&gt; <i>Speed reading anything you need to truly comprehend is probably a bad idea. However, if you have a few documents you need to get through or you&#x27;re reading something that isn&#x27;t that important, these methods can still be worthwhile.</i><p>If the purpose of reading something is to understand it (aka comprehension), then doesn&#x27;t this supplied conclusion basically defeat the purpose of anyone trying to attain speed reading?
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drakaalabout 11 years ago
I can &quot;read&quot; a technical book at faster than 1600 WPM.<p>I don&#x27;t read all of it, and that makes all the difference.<p>Most people don&#x27;t learn Skimming, Scanning, and Skipping.<p>Skimming is when you go over the page quickly jumping sentence start to start judging the sentence to see if you want&#x2F;need to read it. If a sentence starts with info you don&#x27;t need, or already know you jump to the next bit.<p>Scanning is where you go looking for certain words on the page. I&#x27;m reading on Data Storage stuff, and I only care about Raid 5+1 so I scan for those words on the page.<p>Skipping is like hitting the next chapter button on your Shiny Disc player. If the chapter isn&#x27;t relevant you skip it. And go on to the next. This is useful for books where 80% is beginner stuff.<p>This isn&#x27;t how you &quot;read&quot; Harry Potter. You wouldn&#x27;t have any fun. So a novel in 90 minutes would have to be for people who don&#x27;t enjoy reading. I can&#x27;t imagine that fast. (Like my minds eye, and ear can&#x27;t do all of the Lord of the Rings movies at 8x)
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ACow_Adonisabout 11 years ago
I am what you might call a speed-reading skeptic.<p>Like most of us, by which i mean intellectual types who define our selves and worth in part by the relative level of our perceived knowledge, speed reading seems like a holy grail. There&#x27;s so much out there to read, and not enough time in my life to do it. But it is to us as fad diets&#x2F;exercise regimes to people who care primarily about their looks&#x2F;weight.<p>I say this because its apparent I&#x27;m a relatively fast reader, i have to read a lot for work, and i have professional colleagues to compare myself to. In all these speed-reading fads in professional environments, I&#x27;ve never actually met a single person, NOT ONE, who can actually read these materials faster than an intelligent, well read person. (barring perhaps abnormalities like Kim Peek, but newsflash, you know if you&#x27;re Kim Peek and if you are&#x2F;aren&#x27;t, there&#x27;s not much you can do about it). Get someone into an actual environment where they have to read lots of stuff, have to comprehend it, and its professionally demonstrable, and suddenly all the &quot;speed readers&quot; vanish.<p>Do you know why I&#x27;m a relatively fast reader? I&#x27;d say probably: a) genetics b) reading a lot.<p>b) is about the only thing I&#x27;ve seen that has a big effect and is demonstrable, and is in our control. The fastest readers read a lot. The slowest readers don&#x27;t. Those who didn&#x27;t read a lot, and then started reading, got faster.<p>And barring genetic abnormalities and usual statistical variance, no one I&#x27;ve met, EVER, has been able to read more than 3&#x2F;4&#x2F;5&#x2F;6 hundred words per minute with accurate comprehension.<p>Which brings us of course, to the comprehension debate. Lets avoid the ridiculousness of the comprehension stats that are usually poorly designed and created by people trying to sell you things, they are worth about as much as fad diet testimonials and figures. And this is where a lot of speed reading salesmen try to get you. &quot;I can read this at 1000 wpm with just slightly less comprehension!&quot;. &quot;I can skim and pull out the important parts really fast!&quot;.<p>To which my feelings can be summed up: Anyone can purport to increase their reading speed by including words they didn&#x27;t read or comprehend in their wpm. Frankly, if you are not reading something with %100 comprehension, you are not reading it. Taking a sample and taking a census are two different things. That you can take a 10% sample in 10% of the time does not make you a &quot;speed-census-taker&quot;. Ditto skimming, summarizing, or any other weasel-word used to gloss over the fact that someone is trying to speed up their &quot;reading&quot; by reading or comprehending less.<p>I&#x27;m not saying skimming doesn&#x27;t exist. I am saying its not the same as reading&#x2F;comprehending, and that &quot;speed-readers&quot; show heavy drops in comprehension.
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amtababout 11 years ago
Having tried out various of the recent speed reading sites and apps, I honestly don&#x27;t think they are useful for any dense or difficult material requiring thought to comprehend. I almost always find that challenging text requires nonlinear reading to really get, something not possible with these tools. Perhaps they are useful for fluffy news articles, but not much more.<p>Does anyone know of any good techniques for improving time to comprehension when reading technical work? I feel like I am very inefficient at getting through math or computer science papers, which obviously resist any kind of normal speed reading.
pistleabout 11 years ago
tl;dr<p>Instead of increasing bandwidth (since human CPU&#x27;s aren&#x27;t following Moore&#x27;s law), burden writers with improving value per word. Please read faster so I can be less elegant?? How about you stop with 1000 word pieces that can be summarized in 100. Oh, you can&#x27;t slot enough ads in?
mbrockabout 11 years ago
I have to defend speed reading. It is in fact highly useful, and I will claim that it can even aid comprehension.<p>I have two examples.<p>(1) Last night I went to a meetup to discuss a certain topic related to religion, atheism, and a certain idea explained by Alain de Botton. So I decided to check out his book about it.<p>I grabbed my notebook, bought the book on Kindle, and skimmed it in 30 minutes, making notes of what struck me as interesting fodder for discussion. It&#x27;s a pretty short and breezy book, so this was quite enjoyable.<p>Then I realized that Erich Fromm probably has something to say about this, so I googled a bit and found that he wrote a book about &quot;Religion and Psychoanalysis,&quot; which seemed highly relevant from the preview. So I did the same thing with that.<p>Before the event I had dinner while looking through my notes and thinking about it. This all enabled me to be decently prepared, get a good start on the material, bring some quotes to the table, and so on.<p>(2) I do a weekly blog series about museum visits, for fun and to practice my writing. Sometimes I&#x27;m pretty clueless about the topic at hand, so in order to keep the blog from becoming totally vague and uninteresting, I skim a book or two. This lets me engage with the museum stuff in a more interesting way. For example last weekend I skimmed Deleuze&#x27;s book about Francis Bacon, and found a couple of great ideas to build on.<p>So why would I say that speed reading can aid comprehension? Basically, books are tedious. I mean, how many books do you own that you haven&#x27;t gotten through or even started? Speed reading, especially in combination with note taking, is a way to start engaging with material without investing a huge amount of time and attention, which are extremely scarce resources for a full time worker.<p>Maybe I&#x27;m just saying it&#x27;s better than nothing. But I also really feel like the sheer velocity of speed reading or skimming helps me somehow. I don&#x27;t get stuck as easily. I don&#x27;t feel the obsessive need to &quot;grok&quot; everything. I don&#x27;t get bogged down.<p>Of course this is a staple technique for people in academia, and you don&#x27;t really need any special tools for it. E-book highlighting can be very useful, but manual note taking works great too.
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rjzzleepabout 11 years ago
i call selection bias on this. he keeps saying studies have shown. i always use that terminology when i want to prove a point, and i want to shut up the other side without arguing<p>the linked documents are the book the causes of high and low reading[1]. and the paper by rayner[2]<p>i don&#x27;t really have access to most papers, but from my quick search on google scholar i&#x27;d say there are way more than a handful of papers on reading comprehension at high speeds.<p>also, don&#x27;t forget that you can train the human brain like a muscle. so it&#x27;s not surprising that reading comprehension on untrained people immediately suffers when you move outside of their comfort zone.<p>another thing that&#x27;s ignored is what graeme mentioned about subvocalization. a lot of the speed reading practice aims to remove subvocalization from your reading process. it&#x27;s the crap they teach us in school.<p>if you ask me these are all hacks though. our encoding ie. language and text is incredibly inefficient. in theory chinese characters are a much better at encoding, ie. have higher entropy than our english language.<p>ideally someone would throw a couple million at me, and a couple of neuroscientists, and nano engineers, and we build you the ultimate reading hack(team applications welcome :P)<p>[1]: <a href="http://books.google.de/books/about/The_Causes_of_High_and_Low_Reading_Achie.html?id=kSO6WvArafUC&amp;redir_esc=y" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;books.google.de&#x2F;books&#x2F;about&#x2F;The_Causes_of_High_and_Lo...</a><p>[2]: <a href="http://csi.ufs.ac.za/resres/files/Rayner%20(1998).pdf" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;csi.ufs.ac.za&#x2F;resres&#x2F;files&#x2F;Rayner%20(1998).pdf</a>
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mathattackabout 11 years ago
I used to speed read fiction. I found that I would get a couple pages ahead of my understanding. As I aged, I realized that understanding a few books deeply is much more important than understanding a lot of books superficially.<p>Why read Hunter S. Thomson if you can&#x27;t pull out the few awesome lines. When I raced through Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas, I missed <i>&quot;And that, I think, was the handle—that sense of inevitable victory over the forces of Old and Evil. Not in any mean or military sense; we didn’t need that. Our energy would simply prevail. There was no point in fighting—on our side or theirs. We had all the momentum; we were riding the crest of a high and beautiful wave. . . .<p>So now, less than five years later, you can go up on a steep hill in Las Vegas and look West, and with the right kind of eyes you can almost see the high-water mark—that place where the wave finally broke and rolled back&quot;</i><p>How many more of these did I miss? And this isn&#x27;t even deep literature.
nslaterabout 11 years ago
I am dyslexic, and have struggled with reading all my life. Saccades are physically exhausting for me, and so I get fatigued quickly. I also subvocalise, which slows me down to 180 wpm or thereabouts.<p>RSVP is helpful because it removes the need for saccades, and so reduce fatigue. They also force you to stop subvocalising. As a result, I am able to read at 600 to 700 with high comprehension now. And over 1,000 to 1,200 wpm with enough comprehension to be useful for things I just need the gist of.<p>1,200 wpm. It&#x27;s crazy. I never thought it would be possible. But I suspect that if I continue to use RSVP, it will have a profound effect on my life. There is so much stuff I do not read, because I find the normal experience so painful.<p>Started contributing to this project:<p><a href="https://github.com/ds300/jetzt" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;github.com&#x2F;ds300&#x2F;jetzt</a><p>It&#x27;s the best OSS RSVP tool I have found so far.
crazygringoabout 11 years ago
I swear, I will never understand the obsession with speed reading.<p>Just like your coding speed has little to do with your typing speed (and everything to do with your thinking speed), your reading speed has little to do with reading, and everything to do with the level of comprehension you&#x27;re looking for.<p>Need to get the gist of something? Skim it quickly. You don&#x27;t need &quot;speed reading techniques&quot; for that. Need to understand it better? Read it slower. Great literature? Read it word for word to savor the language.<p>None of it has anything to do with reading itself. It&#x27;s just a question of how quickly you can integrate new information into your brain, and how much of it you want to integrate. And nothing&#x27;s going to change that, unless you&#x27;ve figured out a way to change your IQ. Except maybe some coffee or a good night&#x27;s sleep.<p><i>That&#x27;s</i> the truth about speed reading.
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baldfatabout 11 years ago
I increased my reading speed by 50% in one semester of graduate school doing one thing. No Music, No computer and No video. I use to read with music and then I just tried reading 100 pages with music (No vocals mostly Jazz and Classical) and 100 pages without music and I was at least 20% faster. I ended up getting almost 50% faster do to my work load.<p>Was a graduate student in Theology. On average each class was around 4,000 - 6,000 pages of reading a semester. With 4 classes you could have 24,000 pages to be read. That is around 500 pages a week, not including research and papers etc.<p>Historical Theology and Seminar classes have been on average around 10,000 pages of reading. I have had to read over 700+ pages for one class in a week. The issue was I HAD to read and comprehend. This was dense stuff with complex context and thought.
benjamincburnsabout 11 years ago
To... read between the lines... on this summary, I think The Zen of Python is applicable here. Readability counts.<p>One technique that might work would be to &quot;translate&quot; content into a simpler language which is optimized for fast serial consumption with high comprehension. Sure, that&#x27;s probably impossible to achieve with today&#x27;s technology, and there&#x27;s the issue of internationalization (is it a version of an exisiting language with strict rules, or a whole new language altogether?), but those are &quot;just&quot; engineering problems, right?<p>Or maybe the inverse is really the problem - maybe it&#x27;s not the language, but the metric we&#x27;re focusing on. WPM is as poor of a metric for &quot;rate of information intake&quot; as LOC is for programmer productivity.
acqqabout 11 years ago
&quot;I took a speed-reading course and read War and Peace in twenty minutes. It involves Russia.&quot;<p>Woody Allen
benjamincburnsabout 11 years ago
This is a complete aside, but am I the only one who finds it impossible to read this piece and not be completely distracted by a sudden acute awareness of <i>how</i> I&#x27;m reading it?
vpeters25about 11 years ago
I for one I&#x27;m grateful I came across a speed reading book while in high school. I was reading about 150 wpm by then, after a month going through the exercises I had increased it to around 450 wpm.<p>Comprehension is the biggest question from skeptics and it is understandable: we are taught to read out loud so our reading speed and comprehension becomes limited to the speed of speech.<p>Re-learning read (and comprehend) without vocalizing the words in your mind is the hardest part. Once you get that, the sky is the limit.
shakeel_mohamedabout 11 years ago
So, here&#x27;s something that bugs me. I know I don&#x27;t read very fast (I got 160 WPM on the Staples.com test), but I find that I read faster than some of my friends and classmates. My reading speed is supposedly slightly higher than that of a third grader, to which I call baloney. So, I HIGHLY doubt that the average college student naturally reads at 450 WPM as stated by the Staples test.<p>I just don&#x27;t understand, but I would love some insight on this.
dfcabout 11 years ago
I do not mean to be difficult but what does this mean:<p><pre><code> &gt; In the case of Tim Ferriss&#x27; technique, he&#x27;s using ideas grounded in &gt; science, but I couldn&#x27;t find research beyond Ferriss&#x27; own claims on &gt; his blog post. </code></pre> What are &quot;ideas grounded in science&quot; that do not have some body of research&#x2F;experimental-validation? Am I reading it too literally?
javanixabout 11 years ago
I read pretty quickly but have never expressly timed it (400WPM on Spritz seems a bit slow anecdotally, but I don&#x27;t comprehend Spritz even on low speeds).<p>I think what I do is read pairs&#x2F;tuples of words at once, and then move on to the next set.<p>Eg, to quote graeme - I read <i>[This is of interest to me,] &lt;move eyes&gt; [as I have much practical experience] &lt;move eyes&gt; [with teaching people to read faster].</i>
im3w1labout 11 years ago
I have an RSVP bookmarklet that lets me read selected text at 500 wpm. What is interesting about it is that adaptation is a serious problem. If you don&#x27;t move your eyes, your vision fades. So I find myself having to consciously have to make small eye movements to prevent that. But other then that it sort of works.
zobzuabout 11 years ago
that&#x27;s how i &#x27;speed read&#x27; (note: its not voluntary, i just do that naturally):<p>- i go through paragraphs very fast, condensing the content and getting the keywords in my head. I read and comprehend about 30% of the paragraph<p>- if it looks interesting my attention will be caught and ill start reading 100% of the words, rather slowly. in fact, i&#x27;ll probably start from the beginning. Lot of lines, not much content? That will NOT catch my attention.<p>Of course, that also means i don&#x27;t read 99% of the blog posts on HN that are more than a page long anyway. These tend to have a very VERY low content to amount of lines ratio.<p>I think I&#x27;ll go even further: people get seduced by thinking they can get &quot;smarter&quot; by ingesting more content, and fall into the speed reading trap. Kinda sad.
doctorstupidabout 11 years ago
The most crucial downside of speed reading for me is that it destroys the tone of a phrase. Splitting a sentence into blocks makes it sound robotic, eliminating the nuances of the author, and quite possibly the intended meaning.
joyofdataabout 11 years ago
Instead of reading faster - I prefer to cut down on what I choose to read.
aneeskAabout 11 years ago
For people who read to relax, speed reading does the exact opposite.
notastartupabout 11 years ago
I don&#x27;t speed read, but I&#x27;ve learned to read faster and faster by just keep doing it. When I was a little kid I used to read a lot faster because I was reading more books back then.<p>One trick my teacher taught me that&#x27;s not really speed reading but to get an idea of an essay or an article is to read the first and last sentence of each paragraph.