TE
科技回声
首页24小时热榜最新最佳问答展示工作
GitHubTwitter
首页

科技回声

基于 Next.js 构建的科技新闻平台,提供全球科技新闻和讨论内容。

GitHubTwitter

首页

首页最新最佳问答展示工作

资源链接

HackerNews API原版 HackerNewsNext.js

© 2025 科技回声. 版权所有。

The fall of the meritocracy

58 点作者 emgoldstein超过 9 年前

16 条评论

austerity超过 9 年前
Even without the author&#x27;s counterargument the assertion that one&#x27;s genetics is an unfair advantage strikes me as absurd. Your genetics is not something you&#x27;ve got, but literally a part of what you <i>are</i>. Questioning whether one deserves to be oneself is like asking what&#x27;s north of the North Pole - just because you can put these words together in a sentence doesn&#x27;t mean it it makes any sense. Furthermore, intelligence is not a &quot;good&quot; in itself. You earn (&quot;deserve&quot;) goods by being useful to others. If a &quot;gifted&quot; individual invents a technology that makes life more comfortable for the unintelligent, does he not deserve a reward regardless of what enabled him to do so?<p>On a different note, I don&#x27;t understand how anyone can consider equality of outcome desirable, regardless of whether it&#x27;s achievable or not. If your outcome is guaranteed to be equal to that of others then it by definition doesn&#x27;t depend on your own choices. If it&#x27;s not the ultimate unhuman antiutopian existence I don&#x27;t know what is.
评论 #10412003 未加载
评论 #10411956 未加载
asgard1024超过 9 年前
Meritocracy is a very quaint goal. There is so much value in our societies produced by capital that cannot be attributed to work or decision-making of some living person - such as machinery, know-how (technological and organizational), land, natural resources, organic products.<p>Most people, if they would be paid based on merit, couldn&#x27;t survive in our society, because they produce so little of value on its own.<p>Fighting for &quot;meritocracy&quot; therefore becomes fight for attribution, how big piece of resulting pie you deserve. But this deserve has not much to do with merit of your work, it has to do with your ability to fight for it, imperfect information, and kindness of other people.
评论 #10411795 未加载
taliesinb超过 9 年前
Among other things, the author presents the argument that a more efficient meritocracy will exacerbate the fact that we don&#x27;t all have the same genetic endowments, and these endowments are subject to hereditary capture to a similar degree that wealth is. Furthermore, future technologies will allow the wealthy to simply buy permanent genetic advantages for their descendants.<p>Just as a universal basic income is presented as one antidote to wealth inequality, the idea of universal genetic enhancement is presented, specifically of intelligence (whatever that is). If we assume it&#x27;s a fait accompli that members of our elites will pursue genetic enhancement of intelligence for their children or themselves, what are the strongest consequentialist objections to the idea of free, universally-provided genetic enhancement, assuming such therapies are actually effective, practical, and safe?<p>One obvious objection is of a &quot;Brave New World&quot; variety: we have yet no idea how systematic selection to increase &quot;g&quot; (or any trait, for that matter), could stunt or enhance other traits, deplete valuable kinds of cognitive diversity we can&#x27;t yet measure, or twist our values in some immeasurable and negative way.<p>Worse still, it&#x27;s easy to imagine government scientists in more authoritarian societies stumbling on allele combinations that enhanced political docility, consumption-oriented behavior, thriftiness, and so on, and selecting for those in the next generation to solve demographic, economic, or political problems.<p>On the flip side of that fear is the hope that we could select for propensities that help us solve the daunting list of global co-ordination problems that now face us, climate change and dangerous AI being the two most generic ones. The consequences of failure there are so dire that we may even have reason to see such enhancement as necessary -- the equivalent of a species-level adrenaline shot to get us through an existential crisis.<p>And what if we could make ourselves less dishonest, manipulative, cynical, and tribalistic? What if we could design our values to be different from what they are, to be what we wished they were? That&#x27;s much scarier for me, for reasons that are harder to explain. And it mirrors a bit the problems of building an self-enhancing AI that doesn&#x27;t &quot;diverge to evil&quot;.<p>I&#x27;m sure there&#x27;s a rich seam of blogosphere material out there on these topics, maybe even some academic papers, would be very interested if someone is willing to share some links to specific arguments or discussions.
评论 #10411799 未加载
评论 #10411886 未加载
评论 #10411962 未加载
SideburnsOfDoom超过 9 年前
&gt; &quot;In The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life (1994), Richard J. Herrnstein and Charles Murray argue—pretty convincingly&quot;<p>Anyone care to comment on that? I thought that taking &quot;The Bell Curve&quot; seriously was a big red flag?
评论 #10411958 未加载
评论 #10411876 未加载
tanderson92超过 9 年前
If the failures of meritocracy and elitism interest you, I highly recommend reading &quot;Twilight of the Elites: America After Meritocracy&quot; by Chris Hayes, who currently works for MSNBC. Aaron Swartz wrote a wonderful review on CrookedTimber: <a href="http:&#x2F;&#x2F;crookedtimber.org&#x2F;2012&#x2F;06&#x2F;18&#x2F;guest-review-by-aaron-swartz-chris-hayes-the-twilight-of-the-elites&#x2F;" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;crookedtimber.org&#x2F;2012&#x2F;06&#x2F;18&#x2F;guest-review-by-aaron-sw...</a>
beatpanda超过 9 年前
The author uses a raft of terms he doesn&#x27;t bother to define -- &quot;top university&quot;, &quot;prestigious occupation&quot;, &quot;social status&quot;, and so on, so much that it makes the article meaningless.<p>IQ, and all the other &quot;objective&quot; measures he leaves as an exercise to the reader to define, mostly measure how well-adapted a person is to society such as it currently works right now.<p>If you believe we&#x27;ve arrived at the society we have now due to &quot;human nature&quot; or some other kind of natural settling, and not, to just pick one alternate hypothesis, an unimaginable amount of violence and plunder carried out across the globe over the last few centuries, then the conclusions in this article make sense.<p>Otherwise, it probably has some holes.
评论 #10411711 未加载
ZeroGravitas超过 9 年前
Reverse this:<p><i>&quot;(b) creating opportunities for those born on the wrong side of the tracks, so if you start with very little that doesn’t mean you’ll end up with very little, or that your children will&quot;</i><p>And you see immediately why meritocracy is a sham. No one wants their stupid and lazy kids to end up &quot;with little&quot;, and the rich have the means to ensure this happens.<p>Of course, like many things to do with rich vs poor, this applies on the national scale too. And generally not even those on the wrong side of the tracks think that people on the wrong side of the border, regardless of merit, should be allowed to cross it to get a better life.
arethuza超过 9 年前
&quot;Meritocracy&quot; is one of those odd words that was defined to have one meaning and now appears to be generally used to mean almost the exact opposite - perhaps worth reading this article from the chap who coined the term in the 1950s:<p><a href="http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.theguardian.com&#x2F;politics&#x2F;2001&#x2F;jun&#x2F;29&#x2F;comment" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.theguardian.com&#x2F;politics&#x2F;2001&#x2F;jun&#x2F;29&#x2F;comment</a>
评论 #10411801 未加载
评论 #10411813 未加载
pron超过 9 年前
I find it ironic that people who believe they possess an inordinate amount of intelligence so often fail to notice how limited is its capacity for solving actual human problems. Or perhaps it is not ironic at all, because every man with delusion of grandeur -- intelligent or not -- would think that it is the qualities that he possess would one day make him a member of the ruling class, or falling short of that -- a superhero.<p>Luckily, we who have studied computer science and know a thing or two about completeness and complexity and therefore the limits of reason, can easily call the bluff. After all, when human beings are concerned a solution to a problem may involve nothing more than swaying the minds of people, something people with high intelligence often seem comically unable to do.<p>So while I could easily think of a few qualities humanity is in urgent need of more than intelligence — charisma, empathy, good looks and a sense of humor — I believe that this particular piece would have been much better if the author’s eugenics plan had been in effect prior to his birth.
评论 #10411782 未加载
评论 #10411981 未加载
brohee超过 9 年前
<i>In Coming Apart, Charles Murray estimates that there will always be 14 per cent of children in the top 5 per cent of the IQ distribution curve who are the offspring of parents with below-average IQs. Admittedly, that’s not much when you consider that the remaining 86 per cent will have parents with above-average IQs,</i><p>It really makes me wonder about the author IQ.
评论 #10411844 未加载
TazeTSchnitzel超过 9 年前
Reassuring to learn that the word &#x27;meritocracy&#x27; originally came from satire and not from serious proponents
评论 #10411838 未加载
rdtsc超过 9 年前
Similar discussion about this in reference to:<p><a href="http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.salon.com&#x2F;2015&#x2F;08&#x2F;09&#x2F;meritocracy_is_a_massive_lie_race_inheritance_and_the_the_truth_about_the_rigged_american_dream&#x2F;" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.salon.com&#x2F;2015&#x2F;08&#x2F;09&#x2F;meritocracy_is_a_massive_lie...</a>
panic超过 9 年前
There are more factors at work here than genetics. Imagine how much pressure would be put on the child who has been selected (at great expense) from 100 embryos as &quot;most likely to succeed&quot;!
ricksplat超过 9 年前
&gt; The left loathes the concept of IQ<p>Sorry. Nope. Too much other stuff to read to be giving time to an article that employs such a fallacious and&#x2F;or naive opening to be bothered.<p>Sorry if I&#x27;m wrong, but this has immediately marked itself out as a propaganda piece, and I note it has been deservedly flagged.<p>Next ... !
yarrel超过 9 年前
Starts trollish. Does it get less so?
评论 #10411609 未加载
评论 #10411703 未加载
PhasmaFelis超过 9 年前
He&#x27;s really keen to paint &quot;liberals&quot; as genetics denialists. I have never met or heard of...well, anyone who claims that mental ability is 100% based on environment; I&#x27;m sure there&#x27;s someone, but they don&#x27;t have a lot of company. Of course it&#x27;s not 100% based on genetics, either; it&#x27;s been clear for quite a while that nature and nurture both play a role.<p>So, yeah, I&#x27;m thinking troll. That or &quot;articulate nutcase.&quot; But probably troll.
评论 #10411860 未加载