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Return of incandescent light bulbs as MIT makes them more efficient than LEDs

472 点作者 randomname2将近 9 年前

35 条评论

dkbrk将近 9 年前
This news article doesn&#x27;t even mention the article&#x27;s name, the authors, or when it was published.<p>It was actually published in January, and has just now been picked up by the Telegraph.<p>Here is the citation:<p><pre><code> Ognjen Ilic, Peter Bermel, Gang Chen, John D. Joannopoulos, Ivan Celanovic, Marin Soljačić. Tailoring high-temperature radiation and the resurrection of the incandescent source. Nature Nanotechnology, 2016; DOI: 10.1038&#x2F;nnano.2015.309 </code></pre> And here is the actual paper, via Sci-Hub: <a href="http:&#x2F;&#x2F;sci-hub.cc&#x2F;10.1038&#x2F;nnano.2015.309" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;sci-hub.cc&#x2F;10.1038&#x2F;nnano.2015.309</a><p>The Telegraph&#x27;s explanation is terrible: &quot;with a special crystal structure in the glass they can bounce back the energy which is usually lost in heat, while still allowing the light through.&quot;<p>The tungsten filament is sandwiched between two plates made up of layers of oxides, designed to selectively reflect infrared radiation and transmit visible light.<p>They used a numerical model to design and evaluate various candidate compositions for these plates. For a proof-of-concept, they chose one which uses layers of silicon oxide and tantalum oxide, with 90 layers in total per plate. This reflected about 90% of infrared radiation, producing a luminous efficiency of about 6.6%. This is comparable to commercial LEDs and compact fluorescents, though far from state-of-the-art.<p>However, the results closely matched their numerical model, and a more complex structure comprised of layers of silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, tantalum oxide and titanium dioxide, with 300 layers in total, should produce a luminous efficiency of 40%. This is significantly better than the state-of-the-art in LEDs (about 15-30%). They did not, however, actually build that one.<p>I have no idea how expensive this would be to commercialise. It doesn&#x27;t sound like the physics is particularly complex, but manufacturing costs could be prohibitive. I think it&#x27;s safe to say we won&#x27;t be seeing it outside the laboratory any time soon.
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degenerate将近 9 年前
People complaining about LEDs being too &quot;bright&quot; or &quot;clinical&#x2F;sterile&quot; were too bothered to look into the different color temperature options. The annoyingly bright bulbs are around 5000K brightness which would make a home at night feel like a fully-lit classroom. I have 2700K bulbs which give off a much cozier incandescent glow: <a href="http:&#x2F;&#x2F;blog.batteriesplus.com&#x2F;2013&#x2F;seeing-things-in-a-different-light" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;blog.batteriesplus.com&#x2F;2013&#x2F;seeing-things-in-a-differ...</a><p>Sure, the bulbs take about 1&#x2F;5 of a second to turn on, which is not instant, but the cheaper LEDs can take up to 2 seconds to reach full brightness. You have to buy a better made bulb to get the quicker &quot;on&quot;, which means spending more money. People only trying the cheapest LEDs available are the ones complaining the most about them, I&#x27;d assume.
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nostromo将近 9 年前
We switched to LEDs about two years ago and have switched back to halogen bulbs recently for few reasons.<p>1) It didn&#x27;t actually make much difference on our electricity bill. I believe this is because we use most of our lighting during the winter, and the wasted heat from the traditional bulbs isn&#x27;t really wasted at all -- we just shifted more work to our electric heating system.<p>2) Many of the bulbs had burnt out. I am now very skeptical of all the &quot;20 year lifetime&quot; claims since we lost many expensive bulbs in two years.<p>3) The light quality just isn&#x27;t great. People will argue this point, and I can&#x27;t point to any evidence to support my claim, but our perception was that the light was either too blue, or too yellow, and just &quot;looked weird.&quot; I wonder if it&#x27;s related to the strobing of the LEDs.<p>LED slow motion: <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.youtube.com&#x2F;watch?v=zAfWKcg8Bq0" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.youtube.com&#x2F;watch?v=zAfWKcg8Bq0</a><p>Halogen slow motion: <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.youtube.com&#x2F;watch?v=sCD5BMr6LsA" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.youtube.com&#x2F;watch?v=sCD5BMr6LsA</a>
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colanderman将近 9 年前
&gt; Traditional incandescent bulbs have a ‘colour rendering index’ rating of 100, because they match the hue of objects seen in natural daylight.<p>&gt; Previously researchers have warned that the blue light emitted by modern bulbs could be stopping people from getting to sleep at night<p>These two sentences do not go together. Daylight contains LOTS of blue light.<p>5 seconds of research into CRI says that the first sentence is false. CRI compares a light source to an <i>ideal black body</i>, not necessarily daylight.
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jandrese将近 9 年前
This article read an awful lot like a marketing puff piece and failed to answer some obvious questions. There is way too much &quot;those evil fluorescent bulbs are making your life miserable&quot; in the article.<p>1. How long are the bulbs going to last? 2. How expensive would they be to manufacture? 3. When could we see these in stores?<p>Often times there is a long road from laboratory prototype to production, and the supposed cost savings in electricity won&#x27;t matter if they only last 1,000 hours and cost $100&#x2F;bulb.
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slowmovintarget将近 9 年前
This article also doesn&#x27;t mention the current U.S. law which says it is now illegal to sell incandescent bulbs across state lines. The law should have been written to mandate efficiency, not implementation. Now there must be a legal fight to allow incandescent bulbs again (for the U.S., at least).
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Animats将近 9 年前
From the paper: <i>&quot;This experimental device is a proof-of-concept, at the low end of performance that could be ultimately achieved by this approach.&quot;</i><p>Somebody really needs to get MIT&#x27;s PR department under control. The hype level is so high it&#x27;s embarrassing to a good school. Especially in materials science articles. It&#x27;s like reading the National Enquirer of science.
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kazinator将近 9 年前
&gt; <i>The clinical white beam of LEDs and frustrating time-delay of ‘green’ lighting has left many hankering after the instant, bright warm glow of traditional filament bulbs.</i><p>Sheer garbage. LEDs come on instantly, and are available in various color temperatures, thanks to filtering: you can have then in 2700K. If your LED isn&#x27;t coming on instantly, it has some problem with the power supply, probably because you bought the lowest bargain-bin crap you could get your hands on.<p>I&#x27;ve had Phillips flood lights (3000K) in my kitchen and living room for several years. They come on instantly and put out a warmly colored light that is consistent from the center of the spot to the fringes.
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brandon272将近 9 年前
I built a house a couple years ago where the lighting used is predominately LED bulbs and I absolutely hate it. The pre-determined lighting plan for the home was presumably based on the brightness given off by certain incandescent bulbs and placing LED bulbs in those locations that are supposed to be wattage equivalent has resulted in a fairly dark house with what I would consider to be low quality of light. Many of the bulbs used in certain fixtures also emit a noticeable high pitched noise when on.
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jrapdx3将近 9 年前
Didn&#x27;t see it mentioned in other comments, but a particular failing of LED lamps is their unsuitability for critical color matching applications. Fluorescents and CFLs are available for that use, but to date haven&#x27;t seen LEDs that are satisfactory.<p>This is important in art studios, museums and other venues. For many years I&#x27;ve used specialized 48&quot; T12 fluorescents with good results. Incandescent&#x2F;halogen lamps are also essential because color selection can depend on the target environment, there&#x27;s a world of difference between indoor illumination and daylight in this respect.<p>The high-efficiency lamps described in the article will likely be very useful and a welcome refresh of a light source that&#x27;s so far been hard to emulate with LEDs.<p>With IR energy being pumped back into the filament, maybe it&#x27;s an option to run a hotter filament emitting a higher color temperature. More likely the input energy is just decreased so the resulting filament temp remains in conventional range. There still might be an issue re: time to filament burnout not differing from conventional lamps unless the filament is modified in some way.<p>In the long run I imagine LEDs will be improved, curbing the disproportionate blue output, while enhancing and smoothing the long end of the spectrum. LED dominance will probably be complete when color rendering is optimized, they work properly with electronic dimmer switches, and lamp envelopes produce illumination as diffuse as classic sources, e.g., like &quot;frosted&quot; incandescents.
tsomctl将近 9 年前
So, if I understand dkbrk correctly, this is a glass that transmits light but reflects infrared. This seems to have a huge number of other applications (assuming it is practical). Make windows out of it, so that your house stays cooler in the summer and warmer in the winter. Keep your car cooler in the summer. Better face shields for fire fighters. Put a window in your refrigerator. Let people get closer to metal foundries&#x2F;casting metal.
protomyth将近 9 年前
So, if this works and is 40% efficient compared to LED or florescent bulb&#x27;s manage ~14% efficiency, do we ban all LED purchases in the US?
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GigabyteCoin将近 9 年前
&gt;Researchers at MIT have shown that by surrounding the filament with a special crystal structure in the glass they can bounce back the energy which is usually lost in heat, while still allowing the light through.<p>Why can&#x27;t&#x2F;don&#x27;t they use those same crystals on LED lights?
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kup0将近 9 年前
This was posted a while back and picked apart by the comments, as it has been here too. This is all just &quot;potential&quot; improvements, just like we&#x27;ve been hearing about &quot;crazy new battery technologies&quot; for the past few years and have seen next-to-nothing come of it. Always good to see new tech and ideas, but let&#x27;s not kid ourselves into thinking this will make it&#x27;s way back into homes anytime soon.<p>&quot;Return of incandescent light bulbs&quot; is an incredibly misleading headline that implies that due to this new tech, we&#x27;re already starting to use these great new efficient bulbs- um, no.<p>Not to mention, the prototype&#x2F;initial version is nowhere near the &quot;potential&quot; level of efficiency they are claiming.
pcunite将近 9 年前
Here is an interesting thread about color quality (something rarely brought up when LED gets mentioned).<p><a href="http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.dpreview.com&#x2F;forums&#x2F;thread&#x2F;3757505" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.dpreview.com&#x2F;forums&#x2F;thread&#x2F;3757505</a>
nkozyra将近 9 年前
&gt; The clinical white beam of LEDs and frustrating time-delay of ‘green’ lighting<p>I hear a lot about the &quot;delays&quot; in incandescent alternatives, but all of mine are barely perceptible. My Flux bulb has like 400ms; it&#x27;s palpable but how could it ever annoy me? How often were you trying to illuminate something with a light bulb within 400ms and missed it?<p>And of course, many of the adjustable&#x2F;smart LEDs can mimic incandescent light temperature with ease. They cost more, but not necessarily over their lifetime.<p>As mentioned, this article was fluff.
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Fej将近 9 年前
What are the chances of seeing this at retail in the next decade?
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ourmandave将近 9 年前
Thank goodness! My LED Easy Bake Oven takes <i>forever</i>.
ck2将近 9 年前
Philips has already had car headlight bulbs that do this &quot;radiate heat back as light&quot; trick.<p>They are VERY VERY bright. In fact the brightest headlights before you go to real xeon. But they are not much more power efficient.<p>9011 HIR and 9012 HIR models<p><a href="http:&#x2F;&#x2F;store.candlepower.com&#x2F;hirlighting.html" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;store.candlepower.com&#x2F;hirlighting.html</a>
jrockway将近 9 年前
Am I the only person that doesn&#x27;t like &quot;warm&quot; light? I wish I could have all the lights in my apartment be D65 like my monitor. It makes everything look like a calm, cloudy day. At least with my monitor calibrated to that temperature, anyway.
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sdx23将近 9 年前
&quot;However even ‘warm’ finish LED or florescent bulbs can only manage an index rating of 80 and most are far less.&quot;<p>This is simply not true. Current state of the art is &gt;80. If you search a little you&#x27;ll find LEDs with CRI 95.
Egidius将近 9 年前
I&#x27;m suprised noone brought this documentary up: <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.youtube.com&#x2F;watch?v=-1j0XDGIsUg" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.youtube.com&#x2F;watch?v=-1j0XDGIsUg</a>
NicoJuicy将近 9 年前
The most interesting thing I ever read about light bulbs is that they used to last 100 years. But manufacturerers limited this due to sales : <a href="http:&#x2F;&#x2F;spectrum.ieee.org&#x2F;geek-life&#x2F;history&#x2F;the-great-lightbulb-conspiracy" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;spectrum.ieee.org&#x2F;geek-life&#x2F;history&#x2F;the-great-lightbu...</a><p>There is still one active for over 114 years and it has a &#x27;live&#x27; feed <a href="http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.centennialbulb.org&#x2F;photos.htm" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.centennialbulb.org&#x2F;photos.htm</a> ( 1 million hours and it&#x27;s not that efficient anymore )
known将近 9 年前
<a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;en.wikipedia.org&#x2F;wiki&#x2F;Lumen_%28unit%29" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;en.wikipedia.org&#x2F;wiki&#x2F;Lumen_%28unit%29</a>
callesgg将近 9 年前
When you live in a cold climate some light-bulbs become more efficient due to the fact that the heat is not waste heat.<p>As it helps to heat up the room they are in.
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kefka将近 9 年前
Grrr!<p>Incandescent lights, when heating would be used, are 100% efficient.<p>They provide 3% light output, and 97% heat output. A single one on provides a great amount of heat and can easily provide spot-heat where humans are.<p>Instead there&#x27;s CFLs and LEDs. And CFLs are a great way to spread mercury pollution across a great area. Snopes has a decent article about hazards and response: <a href="http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.snopes.com&#x2F;medical&#x2F;toxins&#x2F;cfl.asp" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.snopes.com&#x2F;medical&#x2F;toxins&#x2F;cfl.asp</a>
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bwilliams18将近 9 年前
This will find enormous success in the theatrical market. Nobody is willing to give up the CRI of tungsten filament fixtures.
ris将近 9 年前
I love the first paragraph&#x27;s insertion of a little EU-paranoia in the run up to the referendum. Vintage Telegraph.
hackney将近 9 年前
Add a solar panel and one of those newfangled forever batteries and I&#x27;m sold.
ricksplat将近 9 年前
Is there anything to be said for their durability and versatility though?
nikolay将近 9 年前
So happy as they are the healthiest night lighting anyway.
supergirl将近 9 年前
I know the article is fluff when I see MIT in the title
bronz将近 9 年前
wow. that is so fantastic. i wonder how they came to the 40% figure.
gaius将近 9 年前
Good - no more toxic chemicals from so-called eco-friendly bulbs in our homes.
gherkin0将近 9 年前
It&#x27;s ironic that the factories that make incandescent bulbs are being shut down.