Interesting.<p>MonoTouch, which is the Novell/Mono team's rather fantastic port of C#/.Net to iPhone, compiles down to native code and apparently that was OK with apple to begin with. Unity3D which is a popular 3d framework for many platforms including iPhone (Where it runs a lot of games) was available before MonoTouch and is Mono based.<p>Assuming the OP is correct in the "new developer license agreement" statement (e.g. the relevant section is entirely new or changed) the "Originally written in Objective-C, C, C++ or JavaScript" is worrisome. It technically invalidates MonoTouch. Even if MonoTouch is hard translating code to One of the blessed languages before compile, you didn't write it ORIGINALLY in it.<p>And love or hate Mono, .Net, C#, etc etc. the fact is that it brings iPhone development to a larger audience which is (IMHO) overall good for the iPhone app world.<p>I seem to recall Adobe was demoing a similar system a few months back - which would compile down a Flash app to native code in more or less the same way as MonoTouch does. I guess it's entirely possible that Apple is targeting this in their change, but unlikely as this wouldn't allow you to run downloaded flash. It would simply let you download Apps from the store which were written for Flash, but since they'd been translated to native runtime probably wouldn't be the battery hogs that apple seems to fear.<p>I've been watching Apple long enough to think this may not be a case where they're targeting a specific person/company, rather ... it's future leverage. If they run up against something they don't like (there are obviously lots of things like MonoTouch and more coming along) sometime in the future they now have a clear one liner to point at for "VERBOTEN". They may still however work happily with companies like Novell to produce a grey-area inhabiting MonoTouch.<p>UPDATE: For the record, the MonoTouch FAQ (<a href="http://monotouch.net/FAQ" rel="nofollow">http://monotouch.net/FAQ</a>) states very clearly "MonoTouch is delivered as a static compiler that turns .NET executables and libraries into native applications. There is no JIT or interpreter shipped with your application, only native code. ". Obviously this distinction used to pass the test.