TE
科技回声
首页24小时热榜最新最佳问答展示工作
GitHubTwitter
首页

科技回声

基于 Next.js 构建的科技新闻平台,提供全球科技新闻和讨论内容。

GitHubTwitter

首页

首页最新最佳问答展示工作

资源链接

HackerNews API原版 HackerNewsNext.js

© 2025 科技回声. 版权所有。

Long-dormant bacteria and viruses in ice are reviving as climate warms

296 点作者 raulk大约 8 年前

30 条评论

zbjornson大约 8 年前
Soil-borne anthrax is very common; there&#x27;s in fact &quot;anthrax season&quot; when (usually small) outbreaks happen among wild and farmed animals, from North America to southern Africa, Russia to China and India. (Search for anthrax on <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.promedmail.org&#x2F;" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.promedmail.org&#x2F;</a>, there are 37 reports in 2017 so far.) That a thawed carcass was infected is an interesting anecdote as far as the mode of the transmission, but it isn&#x27;t surprising. That is, it&#x27;s not a disease that we&#x27;ve eradicated that is coming back to haunt us.
评论 #14278748 未加载
评论 #14278759 未加载
secfirstmd大约 8 年前
The comments on this article are fascinating and why I love reading the HackerNews. Point vs point debates about interesting scientific theory but in a way that average person like me can understand. I used to read about this kind of conversation happening in the late 19th Century in the bars of Royal Science institutions in Europe - it feels a little bit like that. :)
评论 #14278341 未加载
mickrussom大约 8 年前
My wife always bugs me about the cold. I tell her operating rooms are cold. Heat = entropy, disease vector increase. Any thawing of permafrost will start to revive dormant diseases, viruses and flora. We might as well complete the trifecta and start looking for ancient DNA and revive long gone species for the win. She always tells me cold and drafts = sick, but if you look where the percent of currently diseased - its never in the north - always in tropical places where diseases, worms, parasites have a field day. There will be a day where she&#x27;ll be begging for the cold :)
评论 #14277074 未加载
评论 #14277112 未加载
评论 #14278388 未加载
评论 #14277180 未加载
评论 #14277443 未加载
arctangent大约 8 年前
I&#x27;m surprised that Fortitude [1] hasn&#x27;t been mentioned yet.<p>It&#x27;s a fairly good TV show on this topic.<p>[1] <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;en.wikipedia.org&#x2F;wiki&#x2F;Fortitude_(TV_series)" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;en.wikipedia.org&#x2F;wiki&#x2F;Fortitude_(TV_series)</a>
评论 #14279201 未加载
enknamel大约 8 年前
There are quite a few sci-fi novels and one show I saw that feature nightmare scenarios based off of thawing ice. I seriously doubt we will see something catastrophic though. It&#x27;s been a while since I took bio but bacteria&#x2F;viruses from thousands if not millions of years ago will most likely not be able to bind to our cells.
评论 #14276688 未加载
评论 #14277622 未加载
评论 #14276659 未加载
评论 #14276497 未加载
fhood大约 8 年前
I&#x27;ll just add this to my list of things that I probably should give some thought, but won&#x27;t because the top of the list includes refugee crisis, income inequality, and all the less Crightonesque consequences of climate change.
评论 #14277344 未加载
评论 #14276866 未加载
评论 #14278155 未加载
Houshalter大约 8 年前
I&#x27;m not saying this isn&#x27;t a threat. But it doesn&#x27;t seem as scary as the title or comments are making it out to be. The article admits that most bacteria can&#x27;t survive this long frozen. Only certain types that have adapted to serving in the cold long term by forming spores. It only mentions one bacteria that harms humans that can do that, botulinum. Which isn&#x27;t contagious and is only a problem with improperly canned food. And anthrax which is deadly but fortunately not very contagious.<p>Viruses are more of a concern, but the article doesn&#x27;t make a great case there either. They mention that scientists found a smallpox victim but were unable to recover a complete smallpox virus. Just fragments of it&#x27;s DNA. The scariest thing recovered was Spanish Flu. Which fortunately many people have already been vaccinated against: <a href="http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.reuters.com&#x2F;article&#x2F;us-flu-vaccine-idUSTRE65E65S20100616" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.reuters.com&#x2F;article&#x2F;us-flu-vaccine-idUSTRE65E65S2...</a>
koolba大约 8 年前
Reminds me of the anthrax outbreak in Russia:<p><a href="http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.npr.org&#x2F;sections&#x2F;goatsandsoda&#x2F;2016&#x2F;08&#x2F;03&#x2F;488400947&#x2F;anthrax-outbreak-in-russia-thought-to-be-result-of-thawing-permafrost" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.npr.org&#x2F;sections&#x2F;goatsandsoda&#x2F;2016&#x2F;08&#x2F;03&#x2F;48840094...</a>
btilly大约 8 年前
Diseases from early humans are an interesting point of worry. What tends to make a deadly disease deadly is that it is able to infect us, but is poorly adapted to us. A disease that is adapted to a close relative of ours is likely to both infect us and not be well-adapted to modern humans.<p>Which could be really, really bad.
chiefalchemist大约 8 年前
A legit fear, but it could be a positive.<p>When you consider, for example, the Zika virus and it&#x27;s effect on the human brain, perhaps - on the other hand - we have a virus to thank for making homo sapiens more intelligent than our then &quot;competition&quot;?<p>Bacteria, could be a positive well.<p>Of course it&#x27;s a roll of the dice either way. C&#x27;est la evolution.
评论 #14276673 未加载
jondubois大约 8 年前
I&#x27;m not a microbiologist but when accounting for evolution, you&#x27;d think that a microbe which was locked away in ice for millions of years would be maladapted to modern animals - Particularly in terms of transmission between hosts.<p>I would be more afraid of pathogens that were frozen more recently.
评论 #14279228 未加载
评论 #14279416 未加载
cmdrfred大约 8 年前
Conversely modern bacteria and viruses are going to sleep in the Antarctic.<p><a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.nasa.gov&#x2F;feature&#x2F;goddard&#x2F;nasa-study-mass-gains-of-antarctic-ice-sheet-greater-than-losses" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.nasa.gov&#x2F;feature&#x2F;goddard&#x2F;nasa-study-mass-gains-o...</a>
whoisstan大约 8 年前
Read the &#x27;Drowned World&#x27; by J.G. Ballard, humans start having ancient dreams.<p>&#x27;Just as psychoanalysis reconstructs the original traumatic situation in order to release the repressed material, so we are now being plunged back into the archaeopsychic past, uncovering the ancient taboos and drives that have been dormant for epochs… Each one of us is as old as the entire biological kingdom, and our bloodstreams are tributaries of the great sea of its total memory.<p>The Drowned World, J.G. Ballard, Millennium 1999, p. 41.
raulk大约 8 年前
Revel with me in the thought that we —humans— think we are center of the world.<p>That Earth is made for us and we have the power to shape it in whichever way we wish. That we own the planet.<p>But, in reality, we don&#x27;t. We are here only temporarily. There are powerful organisms hiding out there who are perennial.<p>And they act like guards. If we push it too far, we set off the right conditions for them to spring to life, and restore balance on Earth by anhililating the threat — i.e. us.<p>What a time to be alive!
评论 #14276517 未加载
评论 #14276453 未加载
评论 #14276498 未加载
jsz0大约 8 年前
This sounds like a very manageable threat. We already have systems in place to identify and control the spread of diseases. It&#x27;s already equipped to deal with new or rare diseases. This will be an added burden but probably no more difficult than dealing with something like ebola. Likely easier due to the geography and population density involved.
DanBC大约 8 年前
&gt; From the bubonic plague to smallpox, we have evolved to resist them<p>We have antibiotics for plague, and vaccination &#x2F; eradication for small pox. That doesn&#x27;t feel like we evolved any resistance. A couple of thousand cases of plague are reported to WHO each year.
评论 #14276911 未加载
评论 #14276392 未加载
评论 #14276511 未加载
评论 #14276430 未加载
stuffedBelly大约 8 年前
Reminds me of this horror flick I watched a couple of years ago<p>The Thaw <a href="http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.imdb.com&#x2F;title&#x2F;tt1235448&#x2F;" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.imdb.com&#x2F;title&#x2F;tt1235448&#x2F;</a>
muninn_大约 8 年前
I guess I prefer that they stay there... but can&#x27;t help but to say that it seems fascinating that there are these dormant antique lifeforms just waiting to be discovered. Hope they don&#x27;t kill us.
ccvannorman大约 8 年前
I bet the CIA is sweating about that Winter Soldier that froze in the 60s.
tomcam大约 8 年前
This has been happening for at least a couple of hundred years. Mammoth bodies have been exposed in Siberia since at least the 18th century and probably much further back than that.
minikites大约 8 年前
Over the past 5-10 years I&#x27;ve gone from being mostly optimistic about our collective future to quite pessimistic. It&#x27;s looking increasingly likely that we&#x27;re unable to solve problems like climate change that require mass cooperation and that too many people are too selfish and short-sighted to allow for collective action. And in the (hopefully unlikely) event that industrial society collapses (from a pandemic, mass political instability, etc) any surviving humans won&#x27;t be able to restart it because we&#x27;ve already used all of the &quot;easy&quot; fossil fuels. This is pretty much our only shot at making civilization work.
评论 #14276282 未加载
评论 #14276528 未加载
评论 #14277528 未加载
评论 #14276371 未加载
评论 #14276250 未加载
dangayle大约 8 年前
Drilling in the frozen north and releasing an ancient monster is the subject of the first episode of the revamped Mystery Science Theater on Netflix.
评论 #14277068 未加载
franzwong大约 8 年前
No matter the climate change is due to human or nature. The fact is the temperature is getting higher and it is the problem.
评论 #14279260 未加载
zoom6628大约 8 年前
Nature has given us a whole CDC vault for free. Seems like a golden moment for science akin to corpse in the Alps.
yourthrowaway2大约 8 年前
We&#x27;re all gonna die!
rdxm大约 8 年前
we&#x27;ve already been de-seleceted. now it&#x27;s just a matter of time....
评论 #14277373 未加载
rglover大约 8 年前
What a time to be alive.
graycat大约 8 年前
&gt; &quot;as climate warms&quot;<p>How much warming, in degrees F, C, or K, since when, measured how, by whom, published where, compared with what other measurements?<p>Why ask these questions? For one, AFAIK &quot;climate warms&quot; essentially has not been happening to any significant extent for about 20 years and, really, since the coldest of the Little Ice Age -- apparently there was some cooling from 1940 to 1970 so some warming since then. On the Little Ice Age, there was ice skating on the Thames River in London.<p>Reference for temperature over the past 2000 years? Okay:<p>Committee on Surface Temperature Reconstructions for the Last 2,000 Years, National Research Council, <i>Surface Temperature Reconstructions for the Last 2,000 Years</i>, ISBN 0-309-66264-8, 196 pages, National Academies Press, 2006, available at<p><a href="http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.nap.edu&#x2F;catalog&#x2F;11676.html" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.nap.edu&#x2F;catalog&#x2F;11676.html</a><p>In the Medieval Warm Period, did all the ice and permafrost melt and make everyone sick? Well, if it all melted, then what&#x27;s in the ice and permafrost now is not so old and maybe safe. But I didn&#x27;t hear that diseases released by the melting ice and permafrost made lots of people sick during the Medieval Warm Period.<p>My guess: The BBC is pushing made-up, cooked-up, stirred-up, gang-up, pile-on, continually reinforced fake, nonsense scare stories to get continuing eyeballs, ad revenue, and British government subsidies.<p>Not reading it.<p>For some simple evidence: The Little Ice Age really was significantly cooler, but there is no evidence that it was preceded closely by lower concentration of CO2 -- the lower temperatures had some cause other than lower CO2.<p>The Medieval Warm Period really was warmer, but there is no evidence that it was preceded closely by higher concentration of CO2 -- there must have been some cause other than higher CO2.<p>It appears from ice core samples and more that the temperature of the earth has varied significantly over at least the last 800,000 years. Maybe CO2 has had something to do with warming since the Little Ice Age, and otherwise it looks like the causes of warming&#x2F;cooling had little or nothing to do with CO2.<p>It appears that people who talk about warming are blaming CO2, in particular from human activities, and from what I&#x27;ve seen in the temperature records for the past 800,000 years, the only time when CO2 might have caused significant warming was since the Little Ice Age -- even if we accept this, there&#x27;s the problem of the cause of the cooling from 1940 -- 1970. Otherwise the temperature changes had other causes -- so, my guess is that the temperature change since the Little Ice Age also has some cause(s) other than CO2.<p>Is CO2 a greenhouse gas, that is, absorbs Planck radiation from the surface of the earth? Yup, absorbs in three bands in the infrared; since we can&#x27;t see CO2, it does not absorb visible light. So, is there a warming effect from that CO2 absorption? Well, maybe, but water is also a greenhouse gas so that maybe the radiation would be absorbed by water instead of CO2. But even if CO2 is the only way that infrared radiation can get absorbed, it&#x27;s still not clear how much warming, net, all things considered, it would cause. E.g., lighting a match will also warm the earth.<p>Is there more CO2 in the atmosphere now? Apparently the concentration someplaces is 400 ppm (parts per million) -- IIRC that would be in Hawaii, right, near a volcano, and volcanoes are supposed to be one of the major sources of CO2. Also there&#x27;s CO2 in the ocean, and warm water absorbes less CO2 than cold water, so maybe recently some of the ocean around Hawaii is warmer and the source of the Hawaii CO2.<p>I&#x27;ve seen no good presentations of CO2 levels over time with explanations of the causes.<p>I&#x27;ve seen no good data on CO2 sources, sinks, or flows.<p>E.g., first cut, how much CO2 is in the atmosphere now? Then, how much CO2 enters the atmosphere from human activity each year now? If the ocean warms a little, say, from an el Nino, how much CO2 is released into the atmosphere? At what rate do green plants take CO2 from the atmosphere? My guess is that CO2 from human activities is comparatively tiny, that the basic data would show this, and this is why we don&#x27;t get the basic data.<p>I see lots of articles on CO2 and warming, but I don&#x27;t see articles with even this basic, first cut data.<p>So, to me, the articles don&#x27;t really have a case since if they did they would make their case. In the articles I see efforts to grab people emotionally but darned little data to convince people rationally.<p>BBC: &quot;as climate warms&quot; is where you lost me.<p>Or with this logic, we could write even more shocking articles:<p>As the next galactic gamma ray burst hits the earth, all the atmosphere will be blown off the earth, and everyone will die. Moreover, since the gamma rays will come at the speed of light, we will never be able to see them coming. Now, get scared. Get afraid. Be very afraid. Watch the BBC for hourly updates 24 x 7 for the rest of your life to keep up on just what will happen as the next gamma ray burst hits the earth. Same for marauding neutron stars, highly magnetic neutron stars, and black holes. Read BBC tomorrow for the results as the next black hole hits the earth. For more, the expansion of the universe is slowing down, and we may be in a <i>big crunch</i> and all compressed to a point -- see the BBC next week for the details when this happens. Back home, see what will happen when Yellowstone blows again -- last time it put ash 10 feet deep (it&#x27;s rock and enough to crush nearly any roof) 1000 miles down wind or some such. Remember, those bacteria are down there, fighting every second among themselves, evolving, just to come out and kill everything else, including YOU!!!
评论 #14283639 未加载
评论 #14279692 未加载
bcaulfield大约 8 年前
Oh. Goody.
评论 #14276567 未加载
akartaka大约 8 年前
Pleistocene Park, the project to keep permafrost in Siberia, at Kickstarter: <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.kickstarter.com&#x2F;projects&#x2F;907484977&#x2F;pleistocene-park-an-ice-age-ecosystem-to-save-the&#x2F;description" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.kickstarter.com&#x2F;projects&#x2F;907484977&#x2F;pleistocene-p...</a>.