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To Change Habits, Try Replacement Instead

634 点作者 ALee大约 7 年前

24 条评论

namuol大约 7 年前
Disclaimer: I am not a doctor and if you are suffering emotionally&#x2F;mentally please seek professional help.<p>----<p>My anecdote:<p>I used to frequently suffer from (undiagnosed) anxiety and depression.<p>For about a year, I would respond to sudden anxiety by seeking comfort in various forms of isolation&#x2F;depressed behavior (watch TV as a distraction, try to take a &quot;nap&quot;, etc.). The most insidious thing about this was how it seemed to happen so quickly that it was practically subconscious. Days would disappear.<p>It took me about a year to recognize this pattern, but eventually I learned to catch myself whenever I was seeking this form of comfort, and instead chose to do one session of push-ups, instead (when possible).<p>This worked really well for me for two reasons:<p>1. It caused me to stop myself short of falling into any kind of depressive spiral -- physical exertion is a great distraction!<p>2. Needless to say, I did a LOT of push ups, which are a great form of full-body exercise. The benefits are well known.<p>These days, I don&#x27;t need the push-ups as a distraction; most of the &quot;bad habits&quot; I used to have don&#x27;t appear nearly as much (although I still need to exercise regularly to avoid depression).
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SwellJoe大约 7 年前
When training animals, particularly dogs, it&#x27;s (I think) pretty well-known that redirecting to positive behaviors is much more effective than punishing unwanted behaviors (so much so that one could say &quot;punishment does not work at all compared to redirecting to desired behaviors&quot; without much exaggeration). i.e. when a dog chews on a sofa cushion, put a dog chew in their mouth or direct them to go get their toy or chew or whatever. When they jump up on people, put them in a sit-stay, then you can praise them for doing a good thing. This is just a human, self-directed, version of that, I think.<p>I&#x27;m not saying people are like dogs, but...people are kinda like dogs.
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btrettel大约 7 年前
The linked article seems to suggest that you can replace bad habits with arbitrary other habits. Maybe that&#x27;s true, but I think it&#x27;s best to change your situation so that the right choice is the easiest to make.<p>I&#x27;ve discussed this in the context of transportation cycling at HN in the past:<p><a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=16515129" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=16515129</a><p>&gt; As a transportation cyclist, some people I know think I must have superhuman willpower. But the reality is that I don&#x27;t own a car, don&#x27;t like the bus, and live too far away for walking regularly to be practical. I structured my life so that cycling is the most convenient option.<p><a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=16450267" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=16450267</a><p>&gt; No excuses are valid. Don&#x27;t feel like it? Doesn&#x27;t matter. I don&#x27;t want to ride most mornings. Cold weather or rain? Too bad, no choice still. Sick? Take a day off for your health.<p>&gt; I am no more successful at maintaining other exercise in my life. I used to run more regularly, but I haven&#x27;t had the time for a while. So I understand how difficult maintaining an exercise habit is. That&#x27;s why I leave nothing to chance.
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baxtr大约 7 年前
I’ve been able to reduce my time on news websites dramatically by developing the habit of opening the kindle app instead. Now I (mostly) continue to read my books instead of reading nonsense.
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sharkweek大约 7 年前
Thought suppression is a one-way ticket to training your brain that the thoughts you are trying to avoid are the only things you should be thinking about.<p>Over a long enough timeline, it wires your brain, the giant &quot;what if&quot; machine, that it should be worried about whatever it is that&#x27;s popping into your head and making you feel so resistant.
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blunte大约 7 年前
Here is a much more powerful proof that changing environment can help you change yourself.<p><a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;jamesclear.com&#x2F;heroin-habits" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;jamesclear.com&#x2F;heroin-habits</a>
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gboudrias大约 7 年前
Psych major here, every behaviorist (and psych major) knows this. Ironic that they feel the need to quote Carl Jung for a totally banal effect of learning: Doing nothing is harder than doing something else.
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evanmarshall大约 7 年前
I think attacking one problem at a time is the best way to go about (at least for me). I noticed that many people try to make drastic changes all at once and then fail at all of them. I&#x27;d recommend trying one thing and just doing that one thing above all else. IE, don&#x27;t try to exercise and diet at the same time. Pick one and when you&#x27;ve firmly established the habit, start the next change.
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psergeant大约 7 年前
I’ve found committing a large chunk of money, in front of friends, to causes I detest it I don’t hit my goals, to be like a magic wand for this stuff.<p>UKIP haven’t yet received £1,500 from me, and each week I’ve been tremendously productive and done everything I set out to with that as a threat
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Mikho大约 7 年前
That&#x27;s really just basic habit loop -- trigger-action-reward -- that one needs to break by replacing action part with something different more useful. Pretty quickly one gets used to a new habit loop structure and the same old trigger now ignites some healthy action to receive the same old reward.<p>E.g. teeth-brushing habit: trigger - wake up, action - brush teeth, reward - freshness mint (or other) taste in your mouth. That&#x27;s basically why a taste was added at all to a toothpaste -- to create a habit loop. Before that teeth-brushing powder&#x2F;paste was tasteless and resulted in bad sales.<p>The same habit loop structure is used a lot to change bad habits or to integrate new habits in sports, military, etc. There is a very good book about it by Charles Duhigg:<p>&quot;The Power of Habit: Why We Do What We Do in Life and Business&quot;<p><a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.amazon.com&#x2F;Power-Habit-What-Life-Business&#x2F;dp&#x2F;081298160X" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.amazon.com&#x2F;Power-Habit-What-Life-Business&#x2F;dp&#x2F;081...</a>
danielrk大约 7 年前
I bit my nails unconsciously for 15 years. Constantly bleeding and got to the point where my thumbnails were gone and I thought they wouldn’t ever grow back.<p>I got braces for my teeth, the biting immediately stopped, and my nails grew back to perfect condition in a few months. In dealing with the discomfort of braces, I developed a habit of pushing my tongue against my teeth which completely replaced my nail biting habit. (To be clear, the braces per se didn’t deter me from biting.)<p>I do this all the time now unconsciously. Fortunately it’s imperceptible and doesn’t do any harm.
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jtraffic大约 7 年前
Thoughts and habits are related, but they aren&#x27;t the same. Interesting counterpoint to the replacement theory of kicking bad habits: <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.nirandfar.com&#x2F;2015&#x2F;04&#x2F;bad-habits.html" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.nirandfar.com&#x2F;2015&#x2F;04&#x2F;bad-habits.html</a>
pyxelr大约 7 年前
I can profoundly relate to it myself as by moving alone for studies to a university in a completely different country, a lot of things changed in my life. It is not only that you replace many of the troublesome habits, but also you are making yourself busy familiarising with a new environment. It is like with every other change, which causes us to go out from the comfort zone, however, in the end, we are satisfied with the changes we agreed to.
newscracker大约 7 年前
That was a lot shorter than I expected for a self-help piece. There are so many such pieces, books, videos, groups and online courses on forming new habits and motivation, but there’s still a huge market to be developing content in this space.<p>We humans seem to be fundamentally built for laziness and habits, which could many a times be to our own detriment.
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chrisweekly大约 7 年前
About 6 years ago I read this terrific book, &quot;The Power of Habit: Why We Do What We Do in Life and Business&quot; [1]... Highly recommended!<p>[1] <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;smile.amazon.com&#x2F;dp&#x2F;B0055PGUYU&#x2F;" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;smile.amazon.com&#x2F;dp&#x2F;B0055PGUYU&#x2F;</a>
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k__大约 7 年前
Somehow these &quot;try not to think of&quot; memes don&#x27;t work on me.<p>I&#x27;m a slow reader and the &quot;white bear&quot; is still &quot;words&quot; in my mind when I&#x27;m finished, I have no image in my head till I try to get one actively.
fyfy18大约 7 年前
Has anyone got any tips for how to stop biting nails? This technique sounds like it would work for some habits, but I do this subconciously without realising - usually when I’m deep in though on something else (not when I’m streased).
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eclat大约 7 年前
Replacement can also become a compulsion however. If you get a negative thought you want to stop having, replacing it with another will only make that negative thought more important to your mind, as it will be considered something to be avoided. I recommend doing CBT instead of following the advice of NYT articles.
jamaicahest大约 7 年前
Reminds we of <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.npr.org&#x2F;2012&#x2F;02&#x2F;27&#x2F;147296743&#x2F;how-you-can-harness-the-power-of-habit" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.npr.org&#x2F;2012&#x2F;02&#x2F;27&#x2F;147296743&#x2F;how-you-can-harness...</a>
hiccuphippo大约 7 年前
The old switcheroo. When I have one song stuck in my head and I want it out, I just start listening to another song.
gymshoes大约 7 年前
I read quickly and didn&#x27;t think of a white bear.<p>Probably because my focus was to quickly read the article.
akashaggarwal7大约 7 年前
Very nice article. So, how do I stop procrastinating?
tmuir大约 7 年前
There was an author named Allen Carr, an Englishman, I believe, who wrote a book called The EasyWay to Quit Smoking.<p>I can attest to the relative ease his method provides, over quitting cold turkey. Essentially, he uses tools of psychology to reinforce his points, such as spaced repetition, but he also dissects the psychology at play inside the smoker&#x27;s mind.<p>He frames nicotene addiction as a state of brainwashing, and enumerates all sorts of behavior as examples.<p>When smokers begin, usually as teenagers, there is a lot wrapped up in, or at least was 20 years ago, the coolness of it. This is precisely why you see actors and actresses smoking cigarettes with exotic technique of holding the cigarette, or generally looking intriguing, it is an extremely effective heuristic. Everyone who smokes their first cigarette obviously has immediate negative physical effects. They cough, it burns the throat, they get nauseous, or just a plain nicotene buzz, etc. Yet since they know that cigarettes are so cool, or otherwise lent social proof, all of this is rationalized and minimized, in the goal of validation of your peers.<p>A lot of the other information contrasts nonsmokers behavior to also shatter these illusions. Smokers lie to themselves that the cigarettes are what is keeping them together. But nonsmokers don&#x27;t seem in the aggregate less confident, or less healthy, or less mentally stable, or any of these lies we tell ourselves. That means that controlling for the cigarettes reveals them to be the causal factor.<p>One of the low level rationalizations daily smokers make on an hourly basis or so, is that they are ready for that next cigarette. It is time. To the extent that they can&#x27;t close that loop, this is where the _true_ stress from nicotene addiction happens. They&#x27;ve essentially built up experience of a heuristic for long enough, of the feeling coming, the smoking, and the feeling going away. In the smokers mind, actually smoking the cigarette is what curbs the craving, thus, the smoking is necessary.<p>There are a myriad other rationalizations made, all in the name of not having to go through what we assume will be a hellacious withdrawal, because we wont be able to stop thinking about it. But thats only because we trust this faulty heuristic that says stress -&gt; smoke -&gt; no stress.<p>The book simply goes through all of these rationalized fallacies, as the author smoked for 33 years, and used them all himself. The process of reading all of this information in short succession, in addition to some of the coping mechanisms that are essentially more tricks of the mind, or ways to frame the thoughts that inevitably arise when a smoker quits, I believe has sort of a triggering effect, not unlike juicy gossip and the 24 hour news cycle. However, the reader is triggered to parry each nagging thought with the context in which it is a fallacy. If this can be successfully done, the normal feelings of dreading the withdrawal can be replaced with almost a sadism for the part of your mind that is receding in its influence, abstracting the sum of this brainwashing to a monster in your mind. He is the one who wants the nicotene, he is the one freaking out, not me. I&#x27;m breathing deeply, and smelling food again.<p>I think I understand a lot of the general underpinnings, but I have yet to find the EasyWay to do anything else. I still contend at least part of the answer lies in this psychological realm, if not almost all of it.
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billysielu大约 7 年前
Please replace this link to the New York Times with something without a Paywall.
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