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The Feynman Technique: The Best Way to Learn Anything (2012)

187 点作者 NinjaX超过 6 年前

12 条评论

mettamage超过 6 年前
&gt; When you write out an idea from start to finish in simple language that a child can understand (tip: use only the most common words), you force yourself to understand the concept at a deeper level and simplify relationships and connections between ideas. If you struggle, you have a clear understanding of where you have some gaps. That tension is good –it heralds an opportunity to learn.<p>I have lived with my grandparents for the majority of my life. My grandpa isn&#x27;t the most intellectual person on this planet. Yet, since I&#x27;ve grown up I&#x27;ve always seen him as my intellectual equal and because of that he always listened to when I had understood a new concept.<p>I am sure that because of this &#x27;in-built mechanism&#x27; in my family structure I got set up to be &#x27;naturally talented&#x27; at explaining things since I was always used to put things into simple terms subconsciously.<p>What I am learning from this is that when I have a kid, I have to act like an 8 year old so that he&#x2F;she will experience the same blessing as I did.<p>I still thank my grandpa for listening to my (most of the times) very long-winded and convoluted explanations, forcing me to simplify until I had a feeling he understood me well enough.
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alexpetralia超过 6 年前
Although I think Shane&#x27;s article serves as a good introduction to the Feynman Technique, I feel it could go further when it comes to <i>how</i> to actually implement it. Notably, I&#x27;d argue the Feyman Technique - and Feynman was especially good at this - revolves around <i>asking good questions</i>. Here&#x27;s a related excerpt from my blog post on the topic[1]:<p>--<p>This is not a novel concept, and it’s just a bit of fortuitous branding that Richard Feynman’s name got attached to it, but the Feynman technique is a framework for learning new things. It’s very simple:<p>1. Pick a concept you want to learn, such as “what is company stock?”<p>2. Ask some very practical questions, like:<p>- “What is it?” - “Why do we need it?” - “What alternatives are there?” - “When did it come about?” - “Who uses it?” - “What are its various forms?” - “Where is it commonly used?”<p>3. All of these questions will invariably branch out into even more jargon and concepts, such as “equity,” “preferred stock,” “voting rights,” “limited liability” and so on.<p>4. Repeat #2 for each of those branches. By the end, you should know the first principles so well you could teach the concept to a college freshman.<p>Three things about this framework immediately jump out at me:<p>(1) Learning something deeply is necessarily <i>a lot of work</i>. It’s not like you’re just answering “what is X.” You’re asking ten questions about it, each trying to get at it from a different angle, and then asking ten questions about each of those underlying concepts. The bottleneck to knowledge then is not so much ability, but effort.<p>(2) Learning something deeply is largely a function of the questions you ask. The greater “coverage” your questions span on the concept surface area, the better you will understand it. In this framework, asking good questions is a necessity.<p>(3) Questions are also where new insights come from. Once you understand all the factors which compose “company stock,” you’re able to toggle individual factors on and off, and ask questions such as: “can you have stock with unlimited liability?” or “what would stock in people look like?”<p>.<p>[1] <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;alexpetralia.github.io&#x2F;2017&#x2F;12&#x2F;25&#x2F;NL-2017-12-25.html" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;alexpetralia.github.io&#x2F;2017&#x2F;12&#x2F;25&#x2F;NL-2017-12-25.html</a>
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tugberkk超过 6 年前
There is a youtuber junior md called Ali Abdaal. He has very good scientific videos about learning. Talks about subjects such as “active recall” and “spaced repetition”. Worth a look imho.<p>Here is the youtube channel link: <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;m.youtube.com&#x2F;user&#x2F;Sepharoth64" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;m.youtube.com&#x2F;user&#x2F;Sepharoth64</a><p>Video on a.recall and s.repetition: <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;m.youtube.com&#x2F;watch?v=ukLnPbIffxE" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;m.youtube.com&#x2F;watch?v=ukLnPbIffxE</a>
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peter303超过 6 年前
In my town we have something called The Science Cafe. The presenter has describe an interesting topic in 20 minutes without [computer] slides, followed by Q&amp;A. This is not easy now that conference talks and course lectures heavily use powerpoint. TED science talks are similar.
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dajonker超过 6 年前
That&#x27;s usually how you can identify good people: when they can explain complicated things using simple words, in a way that their audience can understand it. People that need lots of expensive words and leave you feeling dizzy at the end of their presentation often don&#x27;t know very well what they are talking about either.
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troquerre超过 6 年前
My friend’s dad is an inventor and discovered that the best way to retain knowledge is to teach it, which is why most students forget 90% of the source material. Most teaching is based on students inputting knowledge not outputting it.
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barefoot超过 6 年前
&quot;If you’re not learning you’re standing still&quot;<p>This is a large understatement. In our industry, if you&#x27;re not learning you are drifting backwards rapidly.<p>I aim for twenty hours a week of (unpaid) reinvestment and learning. Some weeks I still feel like that&#x27;s not enough to stay current.<p>Does anyone else feel the same way?
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bitwize超过 6 年前
I thought the Feynman technique was:<p>1) Write down the problem<p>2) Think real hard<p>3) Write down the solution<p>In other words, the &quot;draw the rest of the fucking owl&quot; of general learning&#x2F;problem solving.
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peter303超过 6 年前
A variant is to &#x27;explain it to your spouse&#x27;. (Ignoring these days your partner might be better educated than you.)
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revskill超过 6 年前
The real problem is not the way to learn, it depends on each individuals. The real problem is knowing which concepts need to learn. It&#x27;s not easy.
8bitsrule超过 6 年前
&quot;Step 1: Teach it to a child...&quot;<p>Key. Teaching is a learning process for both teacher (who must condense and reduce to essentials, and so integrate) and student.<p>If the child is old enough to ask good questions (and is encouraged to), so much the better. The feedback is valuable, and the teacher can continue to reduce&#x2F;integrate at a somewhat higher level.
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agumonkey超过 6 年前
Some people used to say the same about programming. If you can ~teach it to a computer (&lt;2yo innate abstraction capabilities), you know it all.