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Severely deficient autobiographical memory in healthy adults (2015)

206 点作者 monort超过 5 年前

22 条评论

kache_超过 5 年前
Personally, I have terrible autobiographical memory. I have no concept of the sequence of events as I recall them. For example, I know my father flew in to meet my fiance at the time, but I&#x27;m not sure what season it was, and for that matter I&#x27;m not even sure what year it was. I have to be constantly reminded by my wife about my important life events. I never thought I had a poor &quot;memory&quot; until my wife started to bring it up.<p>Curiously, this (self perceived) ailment has not hindered my ability to do well in academia and work. Once I learn a fact, I&#x27;ll remember it forever - random details from senior chemistry class are still fresh in my mind. I believe it has something to do with my inability to record the sequence of memories, rather than my ability to recall them.<p>Edit: Hopefully SDAM gets further investigation. If people are wondering what I&#x27;ve learned to do to cope with this deficiency, I&#x27;ve got some recommendations<p>- Learn to build habits - it&#x27;s difficult to remember promises that you make to yourself and to others; but habits will stick forever.<p>- Keep a calendar - for everything.<p>- Take physical pictures of excursions and life events, and date them
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slx26超过 5 年前
I&#x27;ve always had an extremely bad memory, paired with behaviors that probably don&#x27;t help at all. I have always thought (non-scientific, highly subjective text ahead) that a big part of the problem (the behavioral side) is that I never talk about the events of my life with others. I&#x27;m highly asocial, and even when I end up explaining something, I hate to repeat the same stories twice. I use alarms and calendars for everything. I&#x27;ve come to think that a big problem for my memory is precisely the fact that I never reinforce previous memories, I never link or associate them to new memories (for example, of myself reviving the memories when explaining them to other people). So, there&#x27;s no repetition, and they kinda fade away sooner than later. The more disconnected the memories remain, the harder it becomes to recall them.
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JshWright超过 5 年前
&quot;inability to vividly recollect personally experienced events from a first-person perspective&quot;<p>I don&#x27;t understand that... There is no perspective to my memories of events, they&#x27;re just things I know happened.<p>For instance, I went for a run this morning. I know where I went, I know what the weather was like, etc. Am I supposed to be able &quot;vividly recollect&quot; like some sort of imaginary first-person shooter?
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Vaslo超过 5 年前
Reminds me of a line from David Lynch’s “Lost Highway” when the character is asked why he doesn’t like video recordings of things in his life- “I like to remember things my own way. How I remembered them. Not necessarily the way they happened.”<p>I think deep down we are all a little like that.
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pjungwir超过 5 年前
I probably have some mild aphantasia, because my imagination doesn&#x27;t usually include vivid pictures. I&#x27;m also pretty bad at graphic design and home decorating. On the other hand I do see things in dreams. And all my life even non-spatial things, like mathematical&#x2F;logical&#x2F;grammatical relationships, have felt like they had a spatial arrangement to them. And maybe this is something else, but I remember it wasn&#x27;t until college that my own reasoning really started to feel &quot;verbal&quot;.<p>Once I was reading a 20th century philosopher who was criticizing Locke and others of his time for describing knowledge or ideas as mental imagery, saying that of course it&#x27;s not like we really see pictures in our heads. I wish I could remember who this was. I want to say Saussure or Deleuze. I was personally more sympathetic to Locke, but I could see this writer&#x27;s point (or not, heh). It&#x27;s funny to think that aphantasia has influenced philosophy.<p>I&#x27;m also curious what relation aphantasia has to chess-playing ability. I&#x27;m a pretty good chess player (for someone who doesn&#x27;t take it seriously), but I can&#x27;t see the board in my head at all. Grandmasters can play whole games blindfolded, and Magnus Carlsen has a YouTube video playing ten opponents at a time while blindfolded. I have to try really hard just to &quot;see&quot; a 3x3 position. I guess aphantasia makes it hard to mentally play a few moves and then stop and assess whether the new position is good for white or black, or even just notice basic tactics in it.
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roenxi超过 5 年前
Presumably &#x27;deficient&#x27; here is a term of art rather than something pejorative.<p>Given how poorly people perform at recollecting personally experienced events - as evidenced by fascinating phenomena like false memories - it seems highly likely that the memories are not stored in any particularly robust way.<p>It may well be normal to access memories similarly to watching a film but there is no reason to believe that is efficient. It is probably a crutch like sounding words out mentally when reading. The fast way is not going to be the visual way, in the same way that fast reading is not done verbally.<p>I have a well developed minds eye, but it normally sees the world more like a cartoon than a vivid image. Works great for a lot of practical tasks though. There will be an absurd amount of variation out there.
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echelon超过 5 年前
If SRS software has taught me anything, it&#x27;s that memory is reenforced when recalled.<p>If you don&#x27;t have anyone to talk with and share your memories (or perhaps you don&#x27;t find them important enough to think about), you&#x27;re going to forget them.<p>I wonder if they found a correlation between introverts and extroverts here. Because I&#x27;d almost certainly peg this phenomenon on that.
john_minsk超过 5 年前
I just came back from Milan and while I can recollect certain situations and pictures, by no means I can &quot;play&quot; my memory as if it was happening to me.<p>Real experience has so much details compared to memory that I always tend to doubt that my memories are accurate.<p>On top of that, if you have repetitive schedule I can&#x27;t imagine you can recreate specifics of particular day. You probably reconstruct the situation filling in your image of familiar places with peculiarities of situation you are trying to remember
mhb超过 5 年前
Flip side: Total recall: the people who never forget<p><a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.theguardian.com&#x2F;science&#x2F;2017&#x2F;feb&#x2F;08&#x2F;total-recall-the-people-who-never-forget" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.theguardian.com&#x2F;science&#x2F;2017&#x2F;feb&#x2F;08&#x2F;total-recall...</a>
oluckyman超过 5 年前
I&#x27;ll add my voice to the chorus that says this is a symptom of a more fundamental issue: aphantasia. As a card-carrying aphantasiac, I&#x27;m skeptical of the ability of most people to visualize. I recall hearing of an experiment in which people were asked to draw a bicycle from their imagination. The results were laughable, yet, no doubt, the subjects would self report that, sure, they could visualize a bicycle.
KirinDave超过 5 年前
This acutely describes nearly all of my childhood, up until about age ten. What little I remmeber vividly is only extremely traumatic stuff: being lost at Stanford on a game day, physical abuse by a relative, my doctor trying to explain to me what cancer was, later on a discussion of the surgery I needed, a corporal punishment episode from a teacher when I was in kindergarten. Other than things like that, I can barely remember words associated with my home and schooling and family, let alone images. Until maybe age 10.<p>I wonder if that&#x27;s a linked phenomenon. Most people I know do not have a gap that large in the memory of their early development.
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iandanforth超过 5 年前
I&#x27;d love to have these tests done. I have a friend from college who serves as my memory of my college experience. She can recall all manner of events and sequences of events from over a decade ago that I can&#x27;t even vaguely recall. I experience memories of the long past as postcards. A few disconnected images or feelings without sequence or much context. I&#x27;ve always been impressed when people can remember details of times long past and I&#x27;ve observed almost everyone is better at it than I am.
danbmil99超过 5 年前
It would be interesting to analyze these abilities from the viewpoint of evolutionary adaptation.<p>Perhaps from the perspective of a band of proto-humans, it was highly adaptive for <i>some</i> members of the tribe to have strong episodic memories, but not necessary for everyone.<p>Similarly, it was probably highly adaptive for a few members to be gifted with a structured, logical approach to problem-solving. Given the development of language, the whole tribe benefits from the specialized abilities of various members.
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fizzychicken超过 5 年前
I feel like I have bits of my memory and perception that are good and bits that are bad. I struggle with the idea of being asked to help with a &#x27;photo-fit&#x27;, to describe the person&#x27;s face and reconstruct the features like you would when describing a suspect to a police officer or sketch artist, I simply cannot recall anyone&#x27;s face. I can describe build, height, hair and colour, but the face itself is blocked in my mind. I cannot recall the majority of events in my life and most that I do recall are very recent or in some way traumatic or unpleasant, even then I only remember a freeze-frame of the scenario and note the whole event. Being able to remember a sequence of events or a long period of time within the same day is limited to a very small number of memories. I cannot remember most of my childhood or anything beyond a few years ago, just tiny snippets here and there. However... I remember nearly everywhere I&#x27;ve ever been, like a version of map software in my brain is keeping a record. I&#x27;ve re-visited places I&#x27;ve only been to once before many years earlier and been able to navigate the entire area without fault. I can remember the configuration of the shopping malls I&#x27;ve been to and I can even recall where nearly all products in the local grocery store or super markets are.... I can picture these things in my mind with real clarity. This ability also means I have fantastic dreams, often in the same places which only exist in my mind. I often remember dreams by where I was or what I was doing at the time based on which location I was in. I dream in first-person while also aware of what the third person sensation&#x2F; experience would be like. I can occasionally lucid dream so I know these dreams involve colour. I cannot remember what anything smells, sounds, or tastes like. If someone asked, ‘what does your favourite food taste like?’ I honestly could not describe it, but I can recall the texture of it perfectly. Yet even though my few memories do not include these details, if I smell something during the day I can easily remember what that is…the same applies to hearing a tune or sound or seeing someone’s face in a TV show. The memories are there but the act of actually trying to recall something simply for the purposes of attempting to remember will result in a blank….passively try and remember something by association of some other stimuli then the memory will come back easy. I worry that now my child is turning 3 years old I can only recall a handful of memories from his life so far, will this get worse? If he ever asks me what life was like when he was just a baby….what will I say?
carapace超过 5 年前
Memory is a relative new thing, eh? Before we started civilization (about 12k years ago) was there much adaptive pressure to have accurate memories of one&#x27;s personal history?<p>As I wrote the above I remembered that many cultures (like in Australia) have oral histories that go back tens of thousands of years. Hmm...
EGreg超过 5 年前
As I worked more and more, in isolation especially, time seemed to fly faster and events seemed less salient. I remember things but not as vividly as when I was 15.<p>I hope this isn’t a normal thing that has to do with individual years being less fractionally important with age, but just the brain adapting to loneliness.
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encoderer超过 5 年前
For most of my life I thought of myself as smart. In my 30s now I’ve realized I just have an unreasonably good memory, both long term and short term recall. In other areas of intelligence I’m average.<p>I would bet that many of those identifying with this study are excelling in other dimensions of intelligence.
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hindsightbias超过 5 年前
Am grateful I have an autobiographical deficit. I can’t imagine being one of those people who remembers every slight or bad experience. Think about those people who are still impacted by something that happened to them in school.<p>Of course, it could be all that skate boarding w&#x2F;o a helmet.
theonemind超过 5 年前
Unless they can pinpoint some underlying structural deficit in the brain, the title seems to pathologize something rather trivial. I have very low autobiographical memory because I mostly consider it a silly made up story in my head and don&#x27;t pay much attention to it.
tiborsaas超过 5 年前
This is me all the time when we go out for a few beers :)
lonelappde超过 5 年前
The article seems to lack a clear definition of what &quot;autobiographical memory&quot; means.
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callesgg超过 5 年前
People thinking they can view movies or don&#x27;t view movies in their mind seams a bit strange to me.<p>The mind works like the mind works. You can describe it in different ways. If you describe your memories like they are movies often enough you will start to think of them as movies. But that is not cause they are like movies that is simply cause you believe they are like movies.<p>A movie is a movie, a memory is a memory, a picture is a picture, visualisations in the mind are just that visualisations in the mind noting more nothing less. You can describe things more or less accurately with metaphors, but that does not make the thing in to the metaphor you use to describe it.
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