> <i>Both Westerners and overtly Western things were referred to as bata-kusai, "kusai" being Japanese for "stink."</i><p>Although that is a literal meaning, -kusai functions as a suffix which creates an adjective from a noun indicating that something has the quality of that noun, and that the quality is undesirable. In this role, it doesn't indicate a smell.<p>It basically means "-like" or "-ish", with a negative slant.<p>For instance "ao" refers to the blue/green color and also to an unripe state of plants or immature state. "aokusai" refers to a raw vegetable taste or smell, like cut grass, or something unripe for consumption; also to an inexperienced person, greenhorn.<p>"inakakusai": unsophisticated hick, country bumpkin.<p>"mendoukusai": troublesome, bothersome.<p>"usokusai": seemingly false, contrived, questionable. ("uso" -> lie).<p>"oshiroikusai": (it. smelling of face powder) coquettish.