The OP mainly concerns the First Amendment, but the recent controversies around lying and free speech have not involved government attempts to stifle lies.<p>IMO, it's not possible for there to be a workable legal ban against lying <i>in general</i>; the "collateral damage" would be too great. Through there are are very many cases where specific kinds of lies could be made illegal. HOWEVER, for free speech to work, I think it's supremely important for everyone in society to do whatever they can to suppress lies, liars, and falsehoods. If that's not done, <i>at best</i>, the public square will degrade to being little more than a useless Library of Babel [1]. Unfortunately, a lot of people nowadays can't seem to tell the difference between a dissenting perspective and a lie, and that position ultimately discredits free speech.<p>[1] <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Library_of_Babel;" rel="nofollow">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Library_of_Babel;</a> "In any case, a library containing all possible books, arranged at random, might as well be a library containing zero books, as any true information would be buried in, and rendered indistinguishable from, all possible forms of false information..."