An ideal vaccine design should include different viral peptides, instead of just the whole spike protein. And one should also remove epitopes that mimic human proteins, both to increase efficiency and avoid rare autoimmune episodes.<p>I criticized this design internally at the Department of Medicine in Oxford, where I work, and I was silenced due to the political implications my statement had.<p>Sadly all vaccines share the same design, or no design at all. Hopefully the others may stimulate a broader repertoire of T cells, due to adjuvant and/or delivery differences, and this can lead to some epitope spreading thus remaining effective.