All of the items listed appear to be things a person might believe/feel they will achieve, once having done a certain action.<p>In other words, the article tries to frame people's actions as uniquely motivated by rational thought, ignoring instinctive reasons, such as imitating something you saw that made you feel good about yourself, or made you laugh, and now you want that feeling again. So you do it yourself, if possible. Or have other people watch you do it. Etc...