> Responsibility for this war rests with Russia and Russia alone. But that should not obscure the fact that NATO, led by Washington, laid the groundwork for confrontation with a series of missteps after the breakup of the Soviet Union, provocations that fueled Russian resentment and fears of Western encirclement. First came the ill-advised expansion of NATO in the late 1990s, which was criticized not only by the left, but by a long and impressive list of former establishment cold warriors, including George Kennan, Richard Pipes, Sam Nunn, and many more.<p>In the spirit of adult conversation: 1990s enlargement of NATO was and is 90%+ popular in these countries. Exactly because we knew Russia will at some point try to recreate USSR/Tzar Russia/whatever the new name is. Russian elites think they have "the right" to govern these lands (go read Dugin if you disagree). And Russian government after fall of USSR means limited democracy at best, authoritarian government most likely, totalitarianism at worst.<p>These fears were portrayed by western Europe and even USA as "russophobia" and "eastern post-communist paranoia". Germans even a month ago treated them as such. I think this opinion should be reevaluated in the light of 3 wars Russia started since 2008 and especially this invasion of Ukraine. It's not paranoia. It's realism.<p>It was the west that was mistaken. There should be admission. And reevaluation of many conclusions based on that wrong opinion. I think it is happening, but this article makes me doubt that.<p>The hope that Russia will reform itself into a proper democracy, or even that it will become a rational authoritarian country you can make business with - it's not realistic. It could be possible if Russia went through the same thing that Germany and Japan did after WW2. Occupation, division, reeducation, economic miracle, business as usual.<p>But Russia didn't. USSR fell by itself and we just moved on straight to business as usual. So they predictably made a whole mythology about betrayal, decadent liberal west, traditional values, holy purpose of Russia, revenge and creating conservative heaven on earth. West made Hitler 2.0. But not because it "provoked" Russia. Provocation wasn't needed. Fall of the USSR was all the provocation necessary. The opposite - the mistake was letting the hate and misfortune after cold war loss fester without dealing with it.<p>I understand that USA might not want to defend post-communist countries from Russia. But there's a difference between saying "we don't want to defend you" and "defending you is a mistake because it provokes Russia". The mistake was the opposite.<p>PS if you take anything from this wall of text - go read Dugin. And compare to Main Kampf. Elites of Russia all read Dugin.<p>Russia thinks it owns this land. Anything that isn't Warsaw Pact 2.0 will "provoke them". They aren't hiding this BTW. If "the west" thinks that we should just give up independence to let them avoid WW3 - sorry but that's not going to happen. Nobody who experienced real democracy wants back into "ruskiy mir".