Let's imagine you're building a company that intends to compete with FAANG.<p>Your company will be expected to have most of these:<p>* AI Research Lab (FAIR, Brain, MLR, Research)<p>* ML Framework (PyTorch, TensorFlow, CNTK, Core ML)<p>* Web Framework (React, Angular, Blazor)<p>* Browser (Chrome, Safari, Edge)<p>* Smart Speaker (Nest, HomePod, Echo)<p>* Smartphone (iPhone, Pixel, Galaxy, Fire Phone, Lumia)<p>* VC Fund (GV, M12, Apple, Alexa Fund)<p>* Virtual Assistant (Siri, Alexa, Assistant, Bixsby, Cortana)<p>* Personal Cloud Storage (iCloud, Drive, OneDrive)<p>* Typeface (Roboto, San Francisco, Segoe)<p>* Personal Video Chat (FaceTime, Duo, Skype, Messenger)<p>* Work Video Chat (Meet, Teams, Chime)<p>* Personal Chat (iMessage, Hangouts, Skype, Messenger, WhatsApp)<p>* Chip (Silicon, Tensor, Pluton, Graviton)<p>* App Store (App Store, Play Store, Microsoft Store)<p>* IDE (Visual Studio, Android Studio, Xcode, Cloud9, Nuclide)<p>* Search (Google, Bing)<p>* True Wireless Earbuds (AirPods, Pixel Buds, Galaxy Buds, Echo Buds, Surface Buds)<p>* Email (Gmail, Outlook)<p>* Programming Language (C#, Swift, Go, Hack)<p>* In-Car Entertainment (CarPlay, Android Auto)<p>* Design (Human Interface Guidelines, Material, Fluent)<p>* Maps (Google Maps, Bing Maps, Apple Maps)<p>* Notebook Hardware (MacBook, Surface, Pixel Book, Galaxy Book)<p>* Desktop OS (Windows, macOS, Chrome OS, DeX)<p>* Wearable (Apple Watch, Pixel Watch, Samsung Watch, Halo, Band)<p>* Health (Apple Health, Google Fit, Samsung Health, HealthVault, Halo)<p>* Smart TV (Apple TV, Chromecast, Fire TV)<p>* Office Productivity (Office, Docs, iWork)<p>* and much more...<p>Some of these are easy to reproduce, through licensing, partnerships, acquisitions, reverse-engineering, or open source forking. For example, it is possible for small companies to design their own typeface, white-label their brand of true wireless earbuds, or develop a basic chat application.<p>On the other hand, some are incredibly difficult to reproduce, due to network effect, lack of data, or R&D costs. For example, designing your own chip, developing your own office productivity suite, obtaining movie streaming rights from all major film producers, or building a digital map of all the streets in the world, might only be achievable by a handful of tech giants. As such, these would be considered to be some of tech's largest moats.<p>What are some of the largest moats in tech? Are there technologies out there that a company with 5 billion dollar and 5 years would struggle to replicate?