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What causes Alzheimer's? Scientists are rethinking the answer

300 点作者 i13e超过 2 年前

25 条评论

personalityson超过 2 年前
&quot;Scientists researching possible candidates for treating Alzheimer&#x27;s disease found exercise outperformed all tested drugs for the ability to reverse dysregulated gene expression.&quot; <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.nature.com&#x2F;articles&#x2F;s41598-022-22179-z" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.nature.com&#x2F;articles&#x2F;s41598-022-22179-z</a><p>&quot;High fitness in middle age reduces the chance of dementia by ninety percent&quot; <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.ergo-log.com&#x2F;high-fitness-in-middle-age-reduces-chance-of-dementia-by-ninety-percent.html" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.ergo-log.com&#x2F;high-fitness-in-middle-age-reduces-...</a>
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kyaghmour超过 2 年前
As someone who has a close relative diagnosed with this disease, I&#x27;m always on the lookout for new information. So this is interesting.<p>One area I&#x27;m particularly interested in is the correlation to diabetes. It&#x27;s a factor that I found being mentioned here and there in some references. In the immediate case that interests me, there&#x27;s a 20+ year history of type 2 diabetes and a recent scan showed severe bilateral hypocampal atrophy. When googling for a link between the two I found this: &quot;Lower insulin secretion was significantly associated with HPGA (hippocampal and parahippocampal gyrus atrophy) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The results of this study support the hypothesis that insulin‐signaling abnormalities are involved in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease.&quot; <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x2F;pmc&#x2F;articles&#x2F;PMC8504906&#x2F;" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x2F;pmc&#x2F;articles&#x2F;PMC8504906&#x2F;</a><p>Yet, the mechanism of this, if indeed there&#x27;s causality (not just correlation) does not seem to be known.
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wwwtyro超过 2 年前
I&#x27;m fine with most researchers pursuing a particular direction, but I get concerned when incentives align that provide a significant pressure for them to research what they wouldn&#x27;t naturally want to research. It seems like there should be a distribution of research directions, not everyone in lockstep. It&#x27;s hard to gauge from the outside to what degree that is happening in our research institutions today.
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mikenew超过 2 年前
There&#x27;s a lot of articles recently on how we&#x27;re &quot;rethinking&quot; Alzheimer&#x27;s, and what is utterly baffling to me is the way none of them seem to mention that it has recently come to light that much of the foundational research on Alzheimer&#x27;s was falsified: <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.science.org&#x2F;content&#x2F;article&#x2F;potential-fabrication-research-images-threatens-key-theory-alzheimers-disease" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.science.org&#x2F;content&#x2F;article&#x2F;potential-fabricatio...</a>
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g42gregory超过 2 年前
In many scientific research projects the same dangerous theme keeps surfacing: monolithic thinking, with “no alternatives allowed”. I feel this is very detrimental to both scientific progress as well as to the broader society.
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eganist超过 2 年前
Deeper reading into one such alternative: <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x2F;pmc&#x2F;articles&#x2F;PMC7660461&#x2F;" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov&#x2F;pmc&#x2F;articles&#x2F;PMC7660461&#x2F;</a><p>There&#x27;s a follow-up study on the herpes angle currently in progress (<a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.alzheimers.gov&#x2F;clinical-trials&#x2F;valacyclovir-mild-alzheimers-disease" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.alzheimers.gov&#x2F;clinical-trials&#x2F;valacyclovir-mild...</a>) after this one (<a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;link.springer.com&#x2F;article&#x2F;10.1007&#x2F;s13311-018-0611-x" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;link.springer.com&#x2F;article&#x2F;10.1007&#x2F;s13311-018-0611-x</a>) in Taiwan, for instance.
andrewflnr超过 2 年前
&gt; Faced with the choice of either chasing cures based on amyloid or pursuing a nebulous something-more-than-amyloid, the medical and pharmaceutical communities made what seemed like the rational choice.<p>No one should accept this as an excuse. They weren&#x27;t rational, they chased the shiny.<p>I&#x27;m not sure &quot;visibility bias&quot; already has the right meaning, but if not we need a term for this pervasive problem where people just choose to not believe or otherwise ignore factors that don&#x27;t leap out to them, even if they&#x27;re just as if not more important in reality. More abstractly we see it with Alzheimer&#x27;s hypotheses here: Hypotheses with greater uncertainty suffer the same treatment, where not having as clear an idea about what it is causes it to be entirely discounted, for years, in favor of the clearer action plan.
DoreenMichele超过 2 年前
The brain &quot;takes out the trash&quot; when you sleep.* From what I have read, the accumulation of both amyloid beta and tau are linked to sleep deprivation. They may be markers of sleep deprivation and treating the sleep deprivation may be the best thing to do, though that probably won&#x27;t get someone famous for some billion dollar drug discovery, so no one will likely pursue it.<p>(Yes, I am aware that some of the research is possibly fraud, other avenues of investigation have been suppressed, etc. I&#x27;ve read quite a few articles about Alzheimer&#x27;s, my late father had Alzheimer&#x27;s and ...etc.)<p>* <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=25427090" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=25427090</a>
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kace91超过 2 年前
Has anyone noticed that Alzheimer’s research tend to hit the front page much more than other medical news? I’ve been wondering why for a while.
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zfi20921超过 2 年前
Was there ever an examination of this[1]? I&#x27;m somewhat confused about how such a long article never mentioned it...<p>[1]: <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.theguardian.com&#x2F;society&#x2F;2022&#x2F;jul&#x2F;23&#x2F;alzheimers-study-fraudulent" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.theguardian.com&#x2F;society&#x2F;2022&#x2F;jul&#x2F;23&#x2F;alzheimers-s...</a>
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macrolime超过 2 年前
There&#x27;s a couple clinical trials with various variations of young blood or blood plasma being given to Alzheimer&#x27;s patients. Should be interesting to see how that goes.
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scubadude超过 2 年前
I think there&#x27;s a social element to it. My mother&#x27;s cognition fell off a cliff with the social isolation during covid. Also, she has lifetime poor hearing<p>&quot;... mild hearing loss doubled dementia risk. Moderate loss tripled risk, and people with a severe hearing impairment were five times more likely to develop dementia&quot;.<p><a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.hopkinsmedicine.org&#x2F;health&#x2F;wellness-and-prevention&#x2F;the-hidden-risks-of-hearing-loss" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.hopkinsmedicine.org&#x2F;health&#x2F;wellness-and-preventi...</a>
resuresu超过 2 年前
I liken the fight against alzheimers to the fight against aging. Isn’t it kinda the same battle? As things and people age they just break down, same thing happens to a car, as it gets older the metal rusts, the moving parts seize up and eventually the car itself suffers a catastrophic failure that ultimately results in its death. Same thing happens to people as well, the brain is like an computer in a way, except it does have actual things moving inside of it, the moving parts (Cells) get older and start to break down, ultimately leading to the death of the person.
l2silver超过 2 年前
Did anyone read &quot;The end of Alzheimers&quot; by Dr. Bredesen? In the book he claims to have the cure, but no one has really talked about his approach. Was it debunked? I&#x27;m confused.
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pfd1986超过 2 年前
Idea: I&#x27;d love a ChatGPT plugin that turns long articles like this into bullet points.<p>Not because I&#x27;m lazy and can&#x27;t read long articles anymore (omg the attention span of young people!). Having worked in this field, I&#x27;d love to skim and find out whether there&#x27;s any new information here I&#x27;m not aware of without going to filler paragraphs starting with &quot;in a sunny afternoon in August&quot;.
dang超过 2 年前
There are too many Alzheimer&#x27;s threads to list but these seem to be the ones related to the amyloid hypothesis:<p><i>Decreased proteins, not amyloid plaques, tied to Alzheimer&#x27;s disease</i> - <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=33096228" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=33096228</a> - Oct 2022 (3 comments)<p><i>A Positive Amyloid Trial, Finally?</i> - <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=33010078" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=33010078</a> - Sept 2022 (49 comments)<p><i>Faked Beta-Amyloid Data. What Does It Mean?</i> - <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=32224823" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=32224823</a> - July 2022 (168 comments)<p><i>Two decades of Alzheimer’s research was based on deliberate fraud</i> - <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=32212719" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=32212719</a> - July 2022 (298 comments)<p><i>Potential fabrication in research threatens the amyloid theory of Alzheimer’s</i> - <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=32183302" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=32183302</a> - July 2022 (256 comments)<p><i>Alzheimer’s amyloid hypothesis ‘cabal’ thwarted progress toward a cure (2019)</i> - <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=31828509" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=31828509</a> - June 2022 (307 comments)<p><i>Tau PET imaging beats amyloid-based approach in battle against Alzheimer’s</i> - <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=21970903" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=21970903</a> - Jan 2020 (15 comments)<p><i>How an Alzheimer’s ‘cabal’ thwarted progress toward a cure</i> - <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=21911225" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=21911225</a> - Dec 2019 (382 comments)<p><i>Robert Moir, 58, Dies; His Research Changed Views on Alzheimer’s</i> - <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=21859212" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=21859212</a> - Dec 2019 (3 comments)<p><i>Why Do We Keep Investing in Anti-Amyloid Therapies for Alzheimer’s Disease?</i> - <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=19496402" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=19496402</a> - March 2019 (1 comment)<p><i>Alzheimer’s Drug Failure Leaves Scientists Seeking New Direction</i> - <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=19468987" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=19468987</a> - March 2019 (76 comments)<p><i>Scientists discover why many Alzheimer’s drugs fail, identify one that may work</i> - <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=18030200" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=18030200</a> - Sept 2018 (9 comments)<p><i>The amyloid hypothesis on trial</i> - <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=17618027" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=17618027</a> - July 2018 (43 comments)<p><i>Is the Alzheimer&#x27;s “Amyloid Hypothesis” Wrong? (2017)</i> - <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=17444214" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=17444214</a> - July 2018 (109 comments)<p><i>Researcher says we have Alzheimer&#x27;s wrong</i> - <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=9509808" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=9509808</a> - May 2015 (27 comments)<p><i>An Outcast Among Peers Gains Traction on Alzheimer&#x27;s Cure </i> - <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=4766983" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;news.ycombinator.com&#x2F;item?id=4766983</a> - Nov 2012 (11 comments)
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jleyank超过 2 年前
Remember they need new ideas and then they need animal models with which they can test these new ideas. They had one, they had drug candidates that satisfied the model and yet nothing happened. We’ve just seen the various tries run down and smell the smoke of billions of dollars burning to ash.<p>It’s research not engineering and we can’t experiment on people. Huge unmet market need will keep companies trying.
chaimanmeow超过 2 年前
So the take away here is that it&#x27;s looking like the leading or up-and-coming theory now is that this is a recycling waste disposal problem within some cells in the brain, i.e. in the endosomal network? <a href="https:&#x2F;&#x2F;en.wikipedia.org&#x2F;wiki&#x2F;Endosome" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;en.wikipedia.org&#x2F;wiki&#x2F;Endosome</a> ??
martin82超过 2 年前
Carbs cause Alzheimers. As you age, your insulin resistance rises, but you still eat the same amount (or more) of carbs while simultaneously exercising far less.<p>Eat a ketogenic diet and you don&#x27;t have to worry about Alzheimers.
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Jipazgqmnm超过 2 年前
TLDR:<p>After decades of research focused on the amyloid cascade hypothesis, which claims that sticky plaques of amyloid-beta proteins between neurons are the main cause of Alzheimer&#x27;s disease, many scientists are now turning their attention to deeper dysfunctions happening within cells. Some believe that the disease is caused by a variety of proteins that may be causing multiple cell dysfunctions, while others are focusing on the role of tau protein tangles, which also form inside neurons.
vaporup超过 2 年前
- sugar - carbs - vaccines - big pharma - chemtrails - ...
optimalsolver超过 2 年前
...again.
snshn超过 2 年前
could be prions from eating meat, could be genetic... it&#x27;s likely similar to &quot;what causes cancer?&quot;
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stevev超过 2 年前
Tylenol
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chami114超过 2 年前
this is a good article to spotlight on..