Not only are the NOx levels much higher like the article states, PM2.5 particulates also go through the roof (>100-200, or way higher without ventilation, observed with a PM2.5 sensor) from the flame as well as the oil/nonstick pans heating up.<p>A lot of people don't even turn on their vent hood when cooking, or the hood doesn't have enough flow rate. After showing my parents the particulates that were emitted during cooking from the flame and oil heating, they turn on the hood at max speed every day and open the window when possible, and it makes a big difference.