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How America's Broken Meritocracy Drives Our National Anxiety Epidemic

45 点作者 Firebrand将近 13 年前

6 条评论

arethuza将近 13 年前
The term "meritocracy" is one of those annoying words that appears to have a current common usage that is almost the opposite of what its originator actually meant.<p>Michael Young, in his satirical essay <i>The Rise of the Meritocracy</i> was actually warning about a managerial style where people are promoted based on a definition of "merit" that is exclusive and self-serving for those currently in power and <i>not</i> based on actual objective performance. Anyone who has had any contact with long-established bureaucracies (e.g. the UK Civil Service) will recognise this kind of "meritocracy".<p>Here is Michael Young righting fairly recently on the topic:<p><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2001/jun/29/comment" rel="nofollow">http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2001/jun/29/comment</a><p>It's worth noting that the Wikipedia page on meritocracy describes Young's essay as:<p>"<i>The essay was based upon the tendency of the then-current governments in their striving towards intelligence to ignore shortcomings and upon the failure of education systems to correctly utilize gifted and talented members within their societies.</i>"<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meritocracy" rel="nofollow">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meritocracy</a>
redwood将近 13 年前
I see what the author is getting at and agree. However we need to analyze this statement... "Far more important, he argues, is debunking the myth of meritocracy, harmful 'because it provides an incomplete explanation for success and failure, often mistakenly exalting the rich and condemning the poor.'"<p>It's important for people on the one hand to not feel too terrible if they don't achieve their dreams. But it's also important that people not become so self-obsessed with the impossibility of dreaming that we stop dreaming to begin with. There are people who always have a reason for why something didn't work out... you know those kinds of people. They never achieve their dreams. They've doomed themselves from the start.<p>We need to find a way to be a less anxious society that can still dream and accept failure.
john_horton将近 13 年前
Interesting article, but one quote from the sociologist was way off the mark:<p>"The historical decline in self-employment and the concomitant rise and dominance of large oligarchic corporations (including chains and franchises) have created barriers of entry for starting and sustaining small businesses and sharply reduced the entrepreneurial path to mobility."<p>I don't know what time period he's talking about, but self-employment has grown dramatically in the US between 1969-2006, by about ~244% <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-employment" rel="nofollow">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-employment</a>
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shazam将近 13 年前
The article claims that the US is "near the bottom in terms of actual social mobility", but only supports this with some points about how social mobility in the US isn't that good.<p>The US is still one of the most meritocratic countries in the world.
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foidman将近 13 年前
Quoted from the article, Obama's father and mother "passed some excellent genes to the current president."<p>I don't think the author knows what "meritocracy" means. Someone with good genes "making it" is what a meritocracy is.
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DanielBMarkham将近 13 年前
It's getting so that I'm running out of snarky things to say about some of these God-awful Atlantic pieces that keep showing up on HN. They're like cockroaches.<p><i>...In other words, as Hayes argues in his book, America isn't truly a meritocracy. Sure, the Civil Rights movement, feminism, and equal opportunity laws have helped to remove many of the barriers to success...</i><p>A <i>merit</i>ocracy, by definition, is some sort of social hierarchy based on merit -- you take a test, you gather in the most bottle-caps, you beat your classmates at arm-wrestling. Whatever. Things like the Civil Rights Movement deal with correcting historical and societal injustices. Instead of something you <i>do</i>, you are being judged, at least partially, by something you <i>are</i>. This is done for the betterment of society.<p>Don't want to argue social engineering, but viewing somebody by what they are is 180-degrees away from viewing them by how they perform in some kind of merit-based system. For the author to juxtapose these two concepts in his mind as one being an example of the other is just.......sad. Perhaps his premise was more about the matter of how he felt various social ideas that are supposed to create a equatable social result such that more minorities or women succeed but instead create additional stress. That's fine, but that's not a meritocracy.<p>The article goes downhill from there.
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