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Systemic traffic jams caused by small groups of drivers, study says

148 点作者 freejoe76超过 12 年前

21 条评论

tokenadult超过 12 年前
This is a very interesting report. It was based on anonymized tracking of cars with cell phone GPS signals to better understand the whole traffic network of the Bay Area. Identifying choke points for traffic led to a policy proposal.<p>"John Goodwin, a spokesman for the Metropolitan Transportation Commission, the region's transportation planning agency, says the best way to spread out traffic coming from these neighborhoods is to install metering lights at their freeway onramps, which spaces out the traffic to help both those drivers and everyone else get to their destinations quicker. Though many important Bay Area freeways already have metering lights, such as Interstate 280 in the South Bay and Interstate 680 in the East Bay, others don't."<p>The Twin Cities metropolitan area, where I live, was the first place in the United States to gain special federal permission to put on-ramp metered signal lights on federal Interstate Highways used heavily by commuters. They empirically help a lot in smoothing traffic. One reason we know that is that for a while a doofus state legislator shut down the freeway metered ramp program, until traffic here became so unbearable that the meters were put back in use. I have heard from friends who travel here from other parts of the country that the ramp meters (implemented as red-yellow-green traffic signals just before a car gets onto the freeway) are confusing to people who usually drive where on-ramps are just unimpeded paths onto the freeway. But they definitely speed up traffic.<p>The Twin Cities has one federal highway, Interstate 394, with a pair of reversible lanes, usually eastbound (into Minneapolis from the suburbs where I live) in the morning, and westbound (out of the city into the suburbs) in the evenings. That helps with rush hour commuter traffic, except that a lot of cars are eastbound for evening appointments even as commuters are leaving the city, so the reversal of lanes still leaves the regular, nonreversible lanes badly congested each evening. I wonder if a traffic study like the one reported in the interesting article submitted here could identify how to smooth out the traffic problems we still have here.
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ryusage超过 12 年前
Reminds me of an interesting site[1] I came across a while ago, in which the guy argues very convincingly that traffic jams occur as waves, which are started when even a single car does something to cause the car behind them to slow down (avoiding something, stopping to merge, etc). If it's non-trivial, then that will begin a chain reaction - a wave propagating through a medium of cars. The severity of that effect is directly proportional to the density of the medium/traffic.<p>Given that perspective, metering lights to reduce density seem like exactly the right solution.<p>[1] <a href="http://trafficwaves.org" rel="nofollow">http://trafficwaves.org</a>
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dmfdmf超过 12 年前
I'd like to see a website where I can enter my home address and work address and it will generate a chart of leave and arrival times for each day of the week based on prevailing and constantly measured and updated typical traffic patterns with accident-jams removed. In my experience traffic patterns, even without accidents, are highly non-linear and leaving 10 minutes early or later can drastically reduce your drive time. You could even have it rank different routes so that on any given day of the week you might take a different route and leave at a different time to minimize your drive time and increase the probability of arriving on time.<p>Metering lights have their use but are limited in how long they can hold up a car whereas if I am at home or work its no problem to adjust my schedule +/- 10 minutes or more to avoid a jam. As more people signed up for such a site it would also become more efficient since it could take into account where and when people actually want to go in its planning calcs.
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gbadman超过 12 年前
I've always felt that driving in traffic is a sort of prisoner's dilemma.<p>Consider a two-lane highway that splits into two directions, a very popular direction and an unpopular direction. Inevitably, we will see a group of people who will wait to the last second to cut into the popular lane. These late-comers cause two problems: 1) people to hit the brakes who get cut off in the popular lane, and 2) people to hit the brakes in the unpopular lane who are forced to slow down to allow the selfish drivers to merge.<p>When I take the generous approach and wait in line, I hate people who cut in. On the other hand, I find myself clever for cutting in at the last second and saving time when I take that approach. I'm still not sure which approach is 'right'. All I know is that the latter will increase overall delays while doing the former will have little to no impact on overall delays but a major impact on my own.<p>Traffic is a pretty interesting subject.
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sadfaceunread超过 12 年前
This research was published with supporting information in an open access journal (Scientific Reports [Part of Nature Publishing Group]). See the full text for more.<p><a href="http://www.nature.com/srep/2012/121220/srep01001/full/srep01001.html" rel="nofollow">http://www.nature.com/srep/2012/121220/srep01001/full/srep01...</a>
ChuckMcM超过 12 年前
One of the things I really like about this study is that it captures not only road congestion but where the drivers enter into, and exit, the freeway system. And it reconfirmed for me yet again that starting/ending in Sunnyvale is reasonably optimized for working in the 'valley' part of Silicon Valley.
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JonnieCache超过 12 年前
Isn't this a strong argument for better buses?<p>I guess that's not really the thing if one works in the valley with a huge salary...<p>Surely the geek bus would be a cool place to be though?
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cagey超过 12 年前
The first two paragraphs of this article are crap, typical of the "journalism" of today.<p><pre><code> A groundbreaking study ... has pinpointed a small group of drivers making Bay Area freeways miserable for the rest of us... </code></pre> You mean the other drivers, incremental vehicles coming from other sources, are simply not contributing to traffic misery? Who knew?! At least the solution is both obvious and simple: the "small group of drivers" should clearly be "gotten rid of" so the misery of the virtuous is removed. Line 'em up against the wall...<p><pre><code> ...they come from a few outlying neighborhoods and travel long distances together in the same direction like schools of fish -- clogging up not only the roads they drive on, but also everyone else's. </code></pre> You mean, they're "everyone else's" roads, and these cheeky interlopers are taking what rightfully belongs (only) to "everyone else"? And the other commuter vehicles are not traveling together "like schools of fish"?<p>Why do the (government) planning departments bear NO responsibility for the results of _their_ decisions? Specifically, they have the final say regarding where houses, apartments, roads, shopping centers, ad infinitum, are built. Yet the ultimate fault is with people who simply chose to live in certain locations, rather than bad capacity planning prior to their homes being approved to be built?
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anigbrowl超过 12 年前
Driverless cars can't come to market fast enough.
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swampthing超过 12 年前
Pretty interesting. I wonder if any non-technical approaches have been tried - like educating drivers to move to a right-side lane if they're slow. At least on the 101, it seems like so much of the congestion would be alleviated if slow people stayed out of the left-side lanes. It'd be safer too since it'd remove the incentive for drivers to weave through traffic.
kps超过 12 年前
Many commuters shouldn't have to be on the roads at all. Fiber is cheaper than freeways.
Nitramp超过 12 年前
An alternative are variable speed limit systems: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_limit#Variable_speed_limits" rel="nofollow">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_limit#Variable_speed_limi...</a><p>They can be used to slow down cars heading into a traffic jam to reduce the arrival rate so the traffic jam can dissolve. Roads with a lower speed limit also fit more cars (need less safety distance) - driving slower means less traffic, so traffic jams can be avoided by reducing the speed limit.<p>These systems are very wide spread in Germany, covering most Autobahns around major cities.
jakozaur超过 12 年前
Dynamic pricing might be a good solutions (with reasonable maximal prices). However, it would be hard to introduce them because of public pressure.
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DenisM超过 12 年前
In Seattle I noticed that traffic is always light on Monday, but some places get jammed other days of the week. Apparently, there are many people who don't have to be somewhere on Monday, and those same people chose to drive during rush our on other days of the week. What's up with them anyway? If you don't have to go to work, why drive anywhere during rush hour?
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Thrall超过 12 年前
"These commuters .. travel long distances together in the same direction like schools of fish"<p>Sounds like what they need is a train, tram or bus.
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brini超过 12 年前
<i>"This has enormous potential," said study co-author Alex Bayen, a UC Berkeley professor of electrical engineering and computer science. "These findings are going to come into practice in the near future. This is not just a scientific study."</i><p>``... not just a scientific study.'' Reinforce engineering v. science stereotypes much?
sunnybythesea超过 12 年前
I yearn for the day when driver-less cars become the norm. But then, I'm sure the same people will find ways to jailbreak the software and enable reckless driving behavior :(
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malachismith超过 12 年前
So, basically, the suburbs are the problem?
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corresation超过 12 年前
The title of the submission is deeply misleading, though it follows some rather ridiculous claims in the article-<p><i>Instead, they come from a few outlying neighborhoods and travel long distances together in the same direction like schools of fish -- clogging up not only the roads they drive on, but also everyone else's.</i><p>The notion that <i>they</i> are to blame is asinine. A highway is being utilized beyond capacity, but picking out any group on the highway adds dramatic narrative yet little insight. The suggestion that you remove "just 1%" is surprisingly naive as well, reminding me a bit of this Onion piece - <a href="http://www.theonion.com/articles/report-98-percent-of-us-commuters-favor-public-tra,1434/" rel="nofollow">http://www.theonion.com/articles/report-98-percent-of-us-com...</a><p>If the highway had less utilization, it would cause many who use mass transit (like light rail) to choose the highway. Rinse repeat. It is how highways in virtually every metropolitan area eventually reach a point of saturation, that new point becoming the natural balance.
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gigantor超过 12 年前
It may be time we start introducing reverse traffic cameras. Ones that issue fines for not following a minimum speed in peak commute hours for the vehicle that is unquestionably the first in a pack responsible for the jam.<p>Proximity calculations, leading vehicle frequency, trailing vehicle average speed, etc., using existing technology already in place that can be leveraged and innovated on to accurately determine culprits.
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halis超过 12 年前
Oh yeah you mean women?