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Pronunciation errors that made the English language

195 点作者 jellyksong大约 11 年前

30 条评论

Jun8大约 11 年前
Very interesting article with cool examples. Here are a few more:<p>* In the &quot;words that begin with an n&quot; category he didn&#x27;t include the most famous example: <i>orange</i>, the fruit, which has an <i>n</i> in Persian and Arabic from which it was borrowed but lost it (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orange_(fruit)#Etymology" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;en.wikipedia.org&#x2F;wiki&#x2F;Orange_(fruit)#Etymology</a>)<p>* I used to think that <i>baby</i> was the actual word and <i>babe</i> was a corruption, turns out most probably it was just the reverse (baby &lt; babe + y) (<a href="http://english.stackexchange.com/questions/44883/was-baby-originally-baby-talk" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;english.stackexchange.com&#x2F;questions&#x2F;44883&#x2F;was-baby-or...</a>)<p>* Somewhat related to the last category: Have you ever wondered why the initial sound in <i>chair</i> and <i>chandelier</i> are pronounced differently in English? There was a sound change in French, <i>chair</i> was borrowed before that change and <i>chandelier</i>, like many other French word that start with ch, after that change.<p>* According to OED the reason that some animal names have the same singular and plural was that they originally contained a long vowel, e.g. <i>deer</i>, <i>sheep</i>, <i>fish</i>. Turns out, <i>horse</i> was also in this group but after a sound change its vowel shortened, hence the -s plural now.
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devindotcom大约 11 年前
The latest iteration of the language, yes. Fifty or a hundred years from now, we&#x27;ll see. I think (hope) that we&#x27;ll see a backlash against merging and simplification. Perhaps leetspeak will be the new Esperanto.<p>Since we&#x27;re trading anectotes, I&#x27;ll share mine here:<p>When taking words from another language, the process often falls under one of two types: loanwords, which are taken intact from their native language (e.g. doppelganger), and calques, which are literally translated as idiom (e.g. flea market).<p>What&#x27;s the anecdote? Loanword is a calque of the German lehnwort, and <i>calque</i> is a French loanword.
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JacobAldridge大约 11 年前
Many years ago I had a friend apologise verbally for her &quot;forx pass&quot;. Turns out she&#x27;d only ever read the phrase <i>faux pas</i>.<p>Then just last month a colleague of mine created the reverse in a group email, acknowledging a &quot;fow par&quot;. It was a phrase she&#x27;d only ever heard and used, never (knowingly) seen spelled.
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baddox大约 11 年前
Though not related specifically to pronunciation, a fun fact is that a lot of English words for meat and livestock are borrowed from Anglo-Saxon and French words respectively. This apparently comes from the Norman conquest: the French nobility dealt more with prepared meat while Anglo-Saxon peasants dealt more with livestock.<p>&quot;Beef&quot; comes from Old French &quot;boef&quot; (meaning ox), while &quot;cow&quot; comes from Old English &quot;cu.&quot;<p>Same goes for sheep&#x2F;mutton, pork&#x2F;pig, and poultry&#x2F;chicken.
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mcv大约 11 年前
Honestly, I wouldn&#x27;t mind if we could get rid on the English language as the world&#x27;s dominant language altogether. The pronunciation rules are completely crazy.<p>I recently visited Indonesia, and people who spoke Indonesian were surprised how good my Indonesian pronunciation was. Apart from some food, I didn&#x27;t understand a word of Indonesian, but in Indonesian, pronunciation is pretty much phonetic. Just say what it says, and you can&#x27;t go wrong. Unless you&#x27;re a native English speaker, in which case all the crazy mangled pronunciation you&#x27;ve grown up with gets in the way.<p>A lot of languages from totally different corners of the world have agree on pronunciation, and have practically identical rules for it. A few exceptions, like English and French, seem to require mangling it beyond all recognition.
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brightsize大约 11 年前
I have heard native English speakers in the U.S. with a habit of attempting to pronounce the &quot;h&quot; in words that start with &quot;wh&quot;. &quot;white&quot; being a notable example. Furthermore, in their efforts they transpose the two letters, so &quot;white&quot; comes out as &quot;hwight&quot; rather than &quot;wite&quot;. I&#x27;ve always thought this to be some sort of affectation intended to elevate themselves above the hoi polloi, but maybe there&#x27;s some historical basis for it.
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victoro大约 11 年前
Surprising that the &quot;words that begin with n&quot; section didn&#x27;t discuss how the process works both ways. For example the word newt (as in the aquatic amphibian) used to be ewt, but because it was so often prefaced by &quot;an&quot; eventually the n was attached to the ewt. Wikipedia&#x27;s definition for this process is juncture loss.<p>Source: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_articles#Juncture_loss" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;en.wikipedia.org&#x2F;wiki&#x2F;English_articles#Juncture_loss</a>
lunchladydoris大约 11 年前
If you like this sort of stuff you should definitely check out Slate&#x27;s Lexicon Valley podcast [1]. Bob Garfield and Mike Vuolo have great chemistry and the content is always interesting. [1] <a href="http://www.slate.com/articles/podcasts/lexicon_valley.html" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.slate.com&#x2F;articles&#x2F;podcasts&#x2F;lexicon_valley.html</a>
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riffraff大约 11 年前
On a related note, if you haven&#x27;t seen these yet, these series of videos is awesome:<p>&quot;A history of the english language in ten minutes&quot;<p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H3r9bOkYW9s" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.youtube.com&#x2F;watch?v=H3r9bOkYW9s</a>
quovodis大约 11 年前
I come from the same area as the bithplace of william the conqueror and, to my surprise, as I was learning English, I realized that some words sounded the same as the local dialect my grandparents were speaking; such as &#x27;pear&#x27; and &#x27;chair&#x27;, etc...
junto大约 11 年前
When I was in school we were reading &#x27;The Crucible&#x27;. One lesson we all took turns to read out loud. One of my peers read the word &#x27;whore&#x27; as &#x27;war&#x27;. Some of the boys sniggered.<p>The teacher then needed to describe what a whore was.<p>I think she handled it quite well in hindsight considering she had a bunch if immature teenagers to deal with.
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jack-r-abbit大约 11 年前
Recently I&#x27;ve heard several people pronounce the &quot;l&quot; in &quot;salmon&quot; and it actually made me pause to see if I had been saying it wrong all along. General consensus with my Facebook friends was that the &quot;l&quot; should not be pronounced. But now I wonder if it used to be but was lost.
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gsk22大约 11 年前
Are the L&#x27;s in balm and psalm really silent in British English? I have always pronounced the L, and can&#x27;t imagine applying a bahm or reading psahm 23.
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grey-area大约 11 年前
It&#x27;s not in the article, but loose and lose are another two words in the process of merging, because they are almost homophones. These two are often confused and lose seems to be losing the battle.
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jobu大约 11 年前
I&#x27;ve often heard people use the term &quot;mute point&quot; instead of &quot;moot point&quot;. That seems fairly similar to the borrowing similar words from other languages.
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rcthompson大约 11 年前
I observe that the linguistic sophistication here is significantly in excess of that of an ordinary HN comment thread.
anaphor大约 11 年前
This is basically an overview of what you would learn in a Historical Linguistics course. The reason they focus so much on sounds is because the changes are much more obvious than say, syntactic changes in the language (which can be very subtle).
mrfusion大约 11 年前
I&#x27;ve often wondered if nursery rhymes indicate words that used to rhyme?<p>For example did &quot;rain&quot; and &quot;again&quot; rhyme when the itsy bitsy spider was written?<p>Did &quot;bone&quot; and &quot;none&quot; rhyme when old mother hubbard was written?
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js2大约 11 年前
Around the age of 11 or so, I heard my daughter, a voracious reader, mispronounce colonel the way it is spelled. When I corrected her she was very upset to the point of arguing with me that I must be wrong.<p>So we went to the dictionary where we both learned the source of the confusion:<p><a href="http://teachinghistory.org/history-content/ask-a-historian/22270" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;teachinghistory.org&#x2F;history-content&#x2F;ask-a-historian&#x2F;2...</a><p>Borrowed from French but altered to an Italian prononciation. There are other such words in English, but I can&#x27;t think what they are at the moment.
borispavlovic大约 11 年前
I think that the king of miss-pronunciation is prof. Joseph Stiglitz. The guy is genius but the way he pronounces the words &#x27;state&#x27;, &#x27;etcetera&#x27; and many others is hilarious.
napowitzu大约 11 年前
Seeing an article that gives Latin words as an example of English language pronunciation errors makes me shake my head. Seeing that the example given contains an error itself (his &quot;correct&quot; version of &quot;ex-cetera&quot; is &quot;etcetera,&quot; where it is supposed to be written as two words, &quot;et cetera&quot;) makes me bang my head into my desk—twice.
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gumby大约 11 年前
My favorite is cleave&#x2F;cleave one of which means to separate and the other to join together.
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sdegutis大约 11 年前
I wonder, will we eventually start spelling &quot;both&quot; as &quot;bolth&quot;?
kkl232大约 11 年前
Pretty funny! This would have been a perfect story using Soundcite- inline audio embedding: <a href="http://soundcite.knightlab.com/" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;soundcite.knightlab.com&#x2F;</a>
scott_s大约 11 年前
Many people say <i>in-ter-sting</i> rather than <i>in-ter-est-ing</i>.
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namenotrequired大约 11 年前
My English teacher told me that &quot;You&quot; is now pronounced like that because the &quot;th&quot; in &quot;Thou&quot; used to have its own character, which looked a lot like the Y.
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viraptor大约 11 年前
Just remembered - this is actually fairly new. May used to be spelled &quot;may&quot;, now it&#x27;s &quot;maj&quot;. I don&#x27;t think the pronunciation changed though.
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eggestad大约 11 年前
This is a whopper: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Vowel_Shift" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;en.wikipedia.org&#x2F;wiki&#x2F;Great_Vowel_Shift</a>
CoconutPilot大约 11 年前
I have only met a small handful of people who can pronounce &quot;kilometre&quot; correctly. I don&#x27;t think this made the language though ...<p>KILL-o-metre
rosser大约 11 年前
I&#x27;m actually surprised their survey found more people using &quot;excetera&quot; than &quot;expresso.&quot;
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