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How extreme isolation warps the mind

152 点作者 lvevjo大约 11 年前

27 条评论

delluminatus大约 11 年前
A psychological gem was dropped in the middle of the article:<p><i>People in her circumstances have their world suddenly inverted, and there is nothing in the manner of their taking – no narrative of sacrifice, or enduring for a greater good – to help them derive meaning from it. They must somehow find meaning in their predicament – or mentally detach themselves from their day-to-day reality, which is a monumental task when alone.</i><p>This is the same conclusion drawn by Dr. Victor Frankl in his excellent <i>Man&#x27;s Search for Meaning</i>. His experience in Nazi concentration camps led him to conclude that the only way to fend off complete apathy was to try to find a personal meaning in your experience. Even apparently meaningless suffering, he said, can be made meaningful depending on your response: you can maintain your human dignity in the face of overwhelming suffering, and by not forgetting yourself, you can be an affirmation of the strength of humankind.
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xcntktn大约 11 年前
There is a prisoner in the US Federal system who has been in solitary confinement for <i>27 years</i>:<p><a href="http://www.peteearley.com/thomas-silverstein/" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.peteearley.com&#x2F;thomas-silverstein&#x2F;</a><p>A court recently ruled that his conditions did not constitute a violation of the 8th amendment:<p><a href="http://solitarywatch.com/2013/09/25/federal-appeals-court-considers-tommy-silversteins-30-years-extreme-solitary-confinement/" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;solitarywatch.com&#x2F;2013&#x2F;09&#x2F;25&#x2F;federal-appeals-court-co...</a><p>It is scary to think that while this article start out with an example of &quot;almost 10,000 hours&quot; in isolation as something horrific, here is a prisoner in the US who has been in isolation more than 20 times longer than that, and <i>the courts have upheld this treatment as legal</i>.
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septerr大约 11 年前
&quot;Since then, researchers have found that in darkness most people eventually adjust to a 48-hour cycle: 36 hours of activity followed by 12 hours of sleep. The reasons are still unclear&quot;<p>This statement was interesting to me. I wonder if it resonates with anyone else on HN. My BF who works from home a lot can spend days&#x2F;hours at home splitting his time between working (programming) and playing video games. He has said a lot of times that the normal 24 hour cycle does not work from him. That he feels his body needs a 36 hour day followed by some hours of sleep.<p>After reading the aforementioned statement in the article, I wonder if it is because of he spends so much time indoors.
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electromagnetic大约 11 年前
This is more &quot;extreme sensory deprivation is bad&quot; rather than &quot;extreme isolation is bad&quot;.<p>There is lots of evidence of extreme social isolation having minimal impact on people&#x27;s mental stability over long periods. It&#x27;s not that we need people, it&#x27;s that we need to be able to form our own narrative. We need to know what we&#x27;re doing, why and what it&#x27;s getting us.<p>Extreme isolation of small groups seems much worse, especially long term where increased rates of social deviance becomes evidenced.
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UVB-76大约 11 年前
Wayback Machine link for those in the UK:<p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140514231517/http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20140514-how-extreme-isolation-warps-minds" rel="nofollow">https:&#x2F;&#x2F;web.archive.org&#x2F;web&#x2F;20140514231517&#x2F;http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.bbc.co...</a>
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abruzzi大约 11 年前
This article unfortunately elides &quot;sensory deprivation&quot; and &quot;social deprivation.&quot; Which I suspect are two very different things. They may bot be difficult for most people but I suspect there are very different mechanisms in play.
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MarkPNeyer大约 11 年前
our legal system and much of our social culture are based upon the idea that a person is entirely responsible for the contents, structure and acuity of their own mind. this goes back to descartes, and is a prevailing theme throughout western thought. given what we now know about people and the way their minds work, i&#x27;m hoping we revisit these false beliefs. criminal recidisivm is a huge problem, and my guess is because the penitentiary model was based upon the idea that isolating someone and giving them time to think would cause them to reflect on the error of their ways. we can see now that it just warps a person&#x27;s mind.<p>i went through a long period of social isolation where my friends and even family pulled away from me because i was acting erratically. this erratic, bizzare behavior was _caused_ by feeling lonely and isolated, and further isolation made the problem worse. my guess is this is what happens to most drug addicts. they feel lonely or hurt, and find temporary comfort in drugs. their friends and family worry about them and stay away, for fear of making the problem worse and because being around unhappy people can make you unhappy. they sufferers find the drug using community accepting and welcoming - but only on a superficial level. you can light up a joint outside a bar in SF and instantly find yourself having &#x27;new friends&#x27; who will disappear when the joint is gone. the desire for solace from pain and the longing for intimacy worsens the dependence on the drug and pushes loved ones further away.<p>i understand why people pull away - they are afraid. i get that. but we used to fear anyone who was sick and put them in special colonies becuase we didn&#x27;t understand sickness and thought it was demonic possession or evil at work. i&#x27;d suggest that the modern understanding of &quot;psychosis as illness&quot; is just as misinformed. we&#x27;re using the best model we have of the day - when people don&#x27;t work properly, they are ill - but that categorization implies that the problem lies in the person themselves, and not in the environmental conditions they find themselves in. if EVERYONE goes crazy when they&#x27;re totally alone for too long, then it&#x27;s not accurate to say that &#x27;crazy&#x27; symptoms are signs of &#x27;mental illness.&#x27;<p>it&#x27;d be as if we diagnosed people with &#x27;runny nose&#x27; syndrome.<p>see more thoughts here:<p><a href="http://markpneyer.me/2014/04/02/the-way-we-understand-mental-health-today/" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;markpneyer.me&#x2F;2014&#x2F;04&#x2F;02&#x2F;the-way-we-understand-mental...</a>
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takinola大约 11 年前
Most people will live their entire lives never having ever been truly alone. Even when you are in your house or apartment alone, you still know there are people in the neighborhood or walking down the street and we don&#x27;t really appreciate how much of a comforting effect this has on us.<p>I have only felt truly alone twice in my life. The first time was on a platform installation in the North Sea. Imagine being surrounded by all these huge machines and pipes running autonomously without a human being in sight. The second time was at the bottom of ocean in Monterrey bay when my diving team had all disappeared to go back to the boat and I found myself with just 3 feet of visibility and no one else around.<p>Both times, I felt an impending sense of dread and panic creeping up on me. It was like being in room 101.
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simczak大约 11 年前
From a interview with Lama Lodru Rinpoche about the challenge of three year silent retreat:<p>&quot;The physical obstacles are not so difficult for people. After one week people have no problem with fewer hours of sleep. After several weeks the pain of sitting cross legged is overcome. The physical obstacles are not the problem; physical problems we can control. Mental problems are more difficult to control. It is very difficult to discipline the mind. No matter how much discipline you have, when a thought comes you have no power to stop it, unless you can employ very powerful effective techniques to cut off those thoughts.<p>Q: Are these techniques only available to people on 3-year retreat? LLR: People outside 3-year retreat have no time to employ these techniques. First of all you have to tame your mind, make your mind soft and gentle, and then you can utilize more active techniques. Without this taming of the mind the techniques are not useful, and could even bring lots of difficulties. It is not so much that people outside 3-year retreat cannot learn or be given these techniques it is just they have no time to apply them. They have to make a living, there are lots of distractions, and this type of distracted mind is not good for the pr ofound teachings you learn in 3-year retreat. Also during 3-year retreat the teachings are given in sequence, not all at once. When one teaching is complete another is introduced.&quot;
zokier大约 11 年前
This is highly tangential, but this bit in the beginning stood out to me:<p>&gt; That summer, the 32-year-old had been hiking with two friends in the mountains of Iraqi Kurdistan when they were arrested by Iranian troops after straying onto the border with Iran.<p>I&#x27;d put &quot;going hiking to the Iraq-Iran border-zone&quot; to the bucket of bad ideas even in better times, and 2009 (when this seemed to happen) certainly wasn&#x27;t a good time.<p>It is just common sense to keep away from borders, especially if behind that border is Iran which is not the friendliest of nations. Double-especially if you are an American, towards which Iran is openly hostile (for good reasons I believe).<p>You wouldn&#x27;t go canoing Yalu River either, would you?
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rdl大约 11 年前
I&#x27;ve spent &gt;6 months with my only human contact being over the Internet (yay, Sealand), and weeks-up-to-6 in similar settings (boats, hiding out in a villa in a foreign country, etc.). IRC-as-primary-social-contact was...interesting. But I don&#x27;t think it was actually that unhealthy.
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CatMtKing大约 11 年前
It seems like the author&#x27;s confusing two concepts here. He postulates about isolation from human contact, but all his examples are for isolation from sunlight or sensory deprivation. I don&#x27;t disagree that there are connections between the two, but it doesn&#x27;t feel like he jumped that gap.<p>Edit: Seems like the whole article is based on the author&#x27;s book. So maybe it was taken a little out of context?
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dkarapetyan大约 11 年前
For some reason people separate mind matters from body matters but this separation is artificial. Just like your internal organs operate within a biological ecosystem shaped by millions of years of evolution so does the mind. The mind has both an internal and external ecosystem that it was shaped by and operates in. So just like all biological systems it goes awry when equilibria that shaped it suddenly go away.
razvanr大约 11 年前
This is remarkable:<p>&quot;researchers have found that in darkness most people eventually adjust to a 48-hour cycle: 36 hours of activity followed by 12 hours of sleep. The reasons are still unclear.&quot;
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doxcf434大约 11 年前
I can&#x27;t help but wonder why we come to such broad conclusions of fact about the mind, when there are plenty of data points that show there&#x27;s quite a lot more to the story than &quot;isolation is bad&quot;. If I were a serious scientist of the mind for example, I would need to include data points from India and Tibet masters in to my research, who are well known for having studied the mind and have data points showing the opposite. It strikes me as a cultural basis at best to not include those data points, how do we even considered this science really?
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NoMoreNicksLeft大约 11 年前
I have a deep and lingering suspicion that humans are a &quot;weak hive mind&quot; species. If we use the metaphor that the human brain is a computer, and that human communication is networking... this means that the &quot;you&quot; is software.<p>In such circumstances, why would we expect that software to run on one and only one computer node in the network? Do you know of many software applications that do that?<p>If this were true though, what would happen when all the other nodes become disconnected? The remaining node is probably going to malfunction...
dobbsbob大约 11 年前
A guy on Texas Polunsky Death row, Thomas Bartlett Whitaker writes often for the blog Minutes Before Six on what life is like in constant solitary. <a href="http://minutesbeforesix.blogspot.ca/2010/07/how-to-go-to-level-3-for-dummies-part-1.html" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;minutesbeforesix.blogspot.ca&#x2F;2010&#x2F;07&#x2F;how-to-go-to-lev...</a><p>Had no idea extreme solitary would cause prolonged vertigo
zoner大约 11 年前
It&#x27;s still ridiculous that BBC does not allow UK visitors to see their american (web) content. An other reason to not pay for the TV license.
richardlblair大约 11 年前
What&#x27;s crazy is I knew a few people that had to do some time. They would <i>try</i> to get into solitary because they feared for their lives.<p>I can&#x27;t imagine being so afraid for your own life that you are willing to endure the torture of isolation.
supernova87a大约 11 年前
I spent 6 years in grad school, don&#x27;t lecture me about the effects of isolation!
hyp0大约 11 年前
&gt; Biologists believe that human emotions evolved because they aided co-operation ... fear, anger, anxiety and sadness<p>Mammals exhibit emotions such as fear and anger.
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hyp0大约 11 年前
The adverse reactions came from <i>sensory</i> deprivation.<p>For <i>social</i> isolation, reactions varied. Love that guy who just Gump-kept sailing.
blueskin_大约 11 年前
For those in the UK who can&#x27;t see it:<p><a href="http://archive.today/HLzWo" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;archive.today&#x2F;HLzWo</a>
softatlas大约 11 年前
Yea, to &quot;deprivation&quot; thesis. There&#x27;s always IRC.
jqm大约 11 年前
Good article.<p>Now I have an excuse for getting on HN from time to time while locked away in the solitary confinement of VIM.
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pastforward大约 11 年前
<i>&quot;It is not good for man to be alone.&quot;</i> Genesis 2:18<p>Turns out we&#x27;ve known this from the start.
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waylandsmithers大约 11 年前
Unrelated, but holy crap are those some click-baity articles advertised in the sidebars.