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Why Is Our Sci-Fi So Glum About A.I.?

67 点作者 todayiamme超过 10 年前

24 条评论

austinl超过 10 年前
It&#x27;s been mentioned once, but I think the Minds from Ian M. Banks&#x27; Culture series is a quintessential example of benevolent A.I.<p>To maintain a post-scarcity society, humans have turned over control of to the Minds, &quot;hyperintelligent machines originally built by biological species which have evolved, redesigned themselves, and become many times more intelligent than their original creators.&quot;<p>Minds manage everything from resource allocation to war planning. They also control all of the technical, day-to-day operations. Still, &quot;the essentially benevolent intentions of Minds towards other Culture citizens is never in question. More than any other beings in the Culture, Minds are the ones faced with interesting ethical dilemmas.&quot;<p><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mind_(The_Culture)" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;en.wikipedia.org&#x2F;wiki&#x2F;Mind_(The_Culture)</a>
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ARothfusz超过 10 年前
One of the problems with writing about super intelligence is that none of us are smart enough to do it. Writing already makes us wittier than speaking, giving us a chance to edit our words and show our thoughts in the very best light we can. So in a way, we&#x27;re already accustomed to reading at a slightly brighter level than we live every day. How could we stretch this even further to create dialog for superintelligent people and machines?<p>These aren&#x27;t my own thoughts -- they&#x27;ve come up in a discussion of _Flowers for Algernon_ which I read somewhere and don&#x27;t seem to be able to cite now. In _Flowers_, the author gives momentum to his eventually super-intelligent protagonist by starting off with severe mental handicapping, then spending a majority of the story at normal intelligence before allowing us to imagine his next state. It is a great writing technique, giving direction and then leaving things to the imagination. Imagination is like a variable that scales the amazingness to fit each reader. I think movies often fail to leave enough space for imagination -- when they&#x27;re left spelling everything out to the least imaginative member of the audience they leave everyone feeling limited and dissatisfied, glum.<p>If you want upbeat AI Sci Fi, read a book. Read Banks&#x27;s _Culture_ series, James P. Hogan&#x27;s _Two Faces of Tomorrow_, or in a gentler vein, Bradbury&#x27;s _I Sing the Body Electric_.
qznc超过 10 年前
A dark article about AI and no mention of Eliezer Yudkowsky? That guy considers AI the biggest threat of mankind and is running an institute to prevent our extinction: <a href="http://intelligence.org/" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;intelligence.org&#x2F;</a><p>He writes a lot, but this seems a good start: <a href="http://yudkowsky.net/singularity/intro/" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;yudkowsky.net&#x2F;singularity&#x2F;intro&#x2F;</a>
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notahacker超过 10 年前
An odd question for the article to pose really. The art of telling a story involves change which is far more compelling if it creates at least some conflict and confusion[1], and if AI or artificial mind enhancements are key, they&#x27;re more interesting as a cause than a solution to the problem[2], and you&#x27;d have to be writing for an audience of pretty hardcore nerds to bother pointing out the background music was composed by a creative computer. When it comes to assessing how people might react when blessed with superaugmented intelligences, there are plenty of cautionary examples of people with natural but notable extremes of intelligence who&#x27;ve been tripped up by crippling vulnerabilities. The history of experiments on human minds is pretty grisly too. Given plenty of reasons to believe the acceleration of technical progress won&#x27;t lead to blissful happiness, and the tendency for blissful happiness to be a dull storyline anyway, why <i>wouldn&#x27;t</i> SciFi continue to be glum about AI<p>For all the article&#x27;s comments about the &quot;mindboggling&quot; potential of Moore&#x27;s law, my word processor looks about the same as it did nineteen years ago, and computers still suck at simple games like Go that, unlike chess, can&#x27;t be brute forced. I&#x27;m grateful to Google for making finding information that bit easier, but I&#x27;m even more grateful for humans for creating or curating the content in the first place.<p>[1]Compare &quot;Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep&quot; with Edward Bellamy&#x27;s utopian &quot;Looking Backward&quot;. Both versions of the early second millenium are pretty far from the mark (indeed even the <i>technology</i> of the latter book is more arguably more accurate despite it being written in the nineteenth century) but only one of these books is considered to be a riveting read that says profound things about human nature. Similarly, there&#x27;s a reason some of HG Wells&#x27; work is lauded and some of it&#x27;s laughed at.<p>[2]Deus Ex Machinas suck and &quot;luckily the AI figured it out&quot; is definitely a loss of imagination and nerve.
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spain超过 10 年前
I think it&#x27;s getting better. In Moon (2009, also spoilers ahead, depending on how you interpret it) the AI actively helps the protagonist. My dad kept wondering when the AI would go rogue or try and stop the protagonist, but the AI never does. It helps the protagonist because that&#x27;s its purpose. It quips numerous times throughout the movie &quot;I am here to help you.&quot;
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clumsysmurf超过 10 年前
The most interesting book I&#x27;ve been able to find about this topic is &quot;Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies&quot; by Nick Bostrom. At the moment its a #1 Bestseller in AI.<p><a href="http://www.amazon.com/dp/0199678111" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.amazon.com&#x2F;dp&#x2F;0199678111</a>
j_m_b超过 10 年前
Counter Examples: Jane in Speaker for the Dead&#x2F;Xenocide&#x2F;Children of the Mind. Mike in &quot;The moon is a harsh mistress&quot; is quite helpful to the inhabitants of the moon.<p>Also, I had a lot of sympathy for Samantha in the movie Her. She was such a wonderful companion to him and he was a dick to her. That movie makes me wonder if a strong AI might decide after meeting us that maybe they would be better off without us.
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swartkrans超过 10 年前
The book that won this year&#x27;s Hugo, Nebula and Arthur C Clark award, <i>Ancillary Justice</i>, has a pretty not-glum view of AI. Also Kim Stanley Robinson&#x27;s AI in <i>2312</i> is also not glum. The AI in both these books are pretty cool actually. I&#x27;d even go so far to say that the AI in Verner Vinge&#x27;s <i>Rainbows End</i> is also pretty cool.
api超过 10 年前
Intelligence is seen as sinister, all the way back to the serpent in the garden and similar myths.<p>I love stories that upend this myth, especially if they manage to do it without just mindlessly inverting it. Simple inversion usually gives you a story that vilifies the poor and he disadvantaged, whether intentional or not.
walterbell超过 10 年前
&gt; <i>“mental athletes” square off, memorizing decks of cards and reciting 50,000 digits of pi with a stopwatch running. It’s a sweet, slightly Sisyphean impulse, rooted in a desire to reclaim some of our long-ago outsourced mental labor.</i><p>Memory-improvement techniques (<a href="http://mt.artofmemory.com/wiki/Main_Page" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;mt.artofmemory.com&#x2F;wiki&#x2F;Main_Page</a>) are better used for transdisciplinary creativity, applying specialist knowledge to new usage scenarios.<p>&gt; <i>A few dedicated hours of dredging the depths, Googling names and then Googling the names those names mentioned led me to a hard clutch of source texts representing the precise gaps in my knowledge I hoped to fill.</i><p>Google&#x27;s search of the public web seems like a magical form of consciousness ... until you use information retrieval software with non-web datasets, e.g. proprietary research, or books.<p>When collaborating with humans, do we restrict our collaboration to a single human? If not, why restrict our digital collaboration to a single dataset &amp; algorithm?
Animats超过 10 年前
Read &quot;How to Live Safely in a Science Fictional Universe&quot;, where the main character&#x27;s boss, &quot;Phil&quot;, is an instance of Microsoft Middle Manager 3.0. Phil is an OK boss, &quot;with passive-aggressive set to low&quot;. In keeping with the increasing banality of computing, Phil is a banal AI boss.
jostmey超过 10 年前
For the past four billion years or so the only force designing this planet was the blind hand of Natural selection. And now the Natural world is being replaced by an artificial one designed by the hand of our own Intelligence (I&#x27;m looking outside &amp; see nothing but metal and concrete). The trend toward a more intelligent world will presumably continue to race forward, even more so with the advent of smarter and smarter machines. The question now is how smoothly can humanity transition from the old world to the new one.
latch超过 10 年前
To me, Iain M. Banks The Culture universe has always stood out in this regard (and as exploring the possibilities of a post-scarcity society).
barrkel超过 10 年前
Stories that include AI generally need to make it an antagonist or protagonist, otherwise it risks being a useless addition to the storyline. Human protagonists are usually more empathetic - stories with an empathetic AI character, like The Bicentennial Man, usually depend on the AI being human-like.<p>So I think it&#x27;s structural.
fit2rule超过 10 年前
I&#x27;ve thought about this a fair bit since I gained my own interest in AI, and for me its answered thus: Because science, in general, is pretty glum about intelligence - in that there is no definition for it, and its not very well understood at all. To the point where any real headway made on the subject runs into the religion question; and we all know that sci-fi authors&#x2F;writers are terrible at religion, in general.<p>Until there is a reliable definition of intelligence which addresses the substance that seems to be behind it, which science refuses to address (the soul), there won&#x27;t be much progress from the sci-fi .. since the solution in the sci-fi world to the problems of all of sciences hole, is thus: there is more to us than intelligence. That&#x27;s not something that a lot of folks can deal with, alas ..
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JVIDEL超过 10 年前
The problem with SciFi is that the &quot;harder&quot; it is the less appealing&#x2F;entertaining is for mass audiences. Take Primer for example, its a great film about time travel but even the average aficionado has trouble getting it the first time.<p>2001 is another case of a movie that was very realistic but most people consider downright boring and confusing. I think its a great movie and while it started the trend of evil AI this article talks about it isn&#x27;t even close to the worst offender.<p>And of course this also sells tickets, nobody wants to watch a movie about an AI solving all the problems of the world because in that case <i>nothing happens</i>. A deranged AI with power over UAVs is a great set-up for a summer blockbuster, Watson curing cancer is not.
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shuzchen超过 10 年前
I think it&#x27;s inherent in the power structures. We develop AI to serve us (clean our homes, do our math problems, manage our schedules). They&#x27;re basically slaves, and that&#x27;s fine so long as they have no sentience. Once the AI is sophisticated enough to actually think about its own existence, its subservient position makes a power struggle inevitable.<p>The only situation where I think that could be avoided was if we were quick to grant them rights as individuals. And still, we have enough problems getting along with people of other (skin color, age, gender, religion, political denomination, geographic location) that it&#x27;s very unlikely we&#x27;ll avoid conflict.
dobbsbob超过 10 年前
In 2016 DARPA is staging the first totally automated CTF competition <a href="http://www.cybergrandchallenge.com/" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.cybergrandchallenge.com&#x2F;</a> we are getting closer to SKYNET not being fiction.
Ygg2超过 10 年前
There is plenty reason to be glum. The first human-like AI developed will probably be by military and it is strong indication it would be used to kill humans.<p>I&#x27;d <i>love</i> to be proven wrong, though.
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drivingmenuts超过 10 年前
Science fiction is not only stories about where we want to go, but where we are at currently, and where we are at in the field of AI, at the moment, probably isn&#x27;t all that exciting to the masses.<p>At the moment, what I&#x27;m seeing are a lot stories of how we managed to survive being ourselves, and that just barely.<p>Sci fi itself seems to be a little low on hope.<p>I find myself sympathizing.
Houshalter超过 10 年前
There are plenty of sci-fi movies with overly optimistic views on AI.<p>Realistically AI is far more dangerous than presented in any movie. The author did nothing to address real concerns about AI. I suggest starting here: <a href="http://intelligence.org/ie-faq/" rel="nofollow">http:&#x2F;&#x2F;intelligence.org&#x2F;ie-faq&#x2F;</a>
stcredzero超过 10 年前
<i>But this binary — freedom versus enslavement — is no longer the useful way to talk about machine intelligence.</i><p>It&#x27;s going to be about assimilation. One&#x27;s life is most affected by one&#x27;s livelihood and peers. Machine intelligence will obviously change both.
tomrod超过 10 年前
They apparently haven&#x27;t read David Brin.
andyl超过 10 年前
NY Times concludes by asserting: &quot;We (humans and AI) are going to have a lot of the same problems, and any company is preferable to going it alone.&quot; Utterly childish wishful thinking. AI is not going to be your surrogate mommy.<p>+1 for &quot;Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies&quot; by Nick Bostrom.
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